Shimotsuma, Ibaraki

Shimotsuma is located in western Ibaraki Prefecture. The Kinugawa River flows through the city. Surrounding municipalities Ibaraki Prefecture • Chikusei • Jōsō • Tsukuba • Yachiyo Climate Shimotsuma has a Humid continental climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Shimotsuma is . The average annual rainfall is with October as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around , and lowest in January, at around . {{Weather box ==Demographics==

Per Japanese census data, the population of Shimotsuma peaked around the year 2000 and has declined slightly since. ==History==

Shimotsuma developed as a castle town from the Muromachi period. It was the center of Shimotsuma Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate during the Edo period. The town of Shimotsuma was established on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. It was elevated to city status on January 1, 1955. On January 1, 2006, the village of Chiyokawa (from Yūki District) was merged into Shimotsuma. ==Government==

Shimotsuma has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 20 members. Shimotsuma contributes one member to the Ibaraki Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Ibaraki 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan. ==Economy==

The economy of Shimotsuma is primarily agricultural. ==Education==

Shimotsuma has nine public elementary schools and three public middle schools operated by the city government, and two public high schools operated by the Ibaraki Prefectural Board of Education. The prefecture also operates a special education school for the handicapped. A Brazilian school Escola Pingo de Gente was formerly located in Shimotsuma. It has since been renamed to Instituto Educare and moved to Tsukuba. ==Transportation==

Railway Kantō Railway Jōsō Line • - - - . Highway • • ==Local attractions==

• Lake Sanuma • Site of Shimotsuma Castle • Tsukuba Circuit ==Noted people from Shimotsuma==

• Yasuhiro Awano, Olympic judoka • Yusuke Oyama, Professional baseball infielder • Maki Tsukada, Olympic judoka ==In popular culture==

The city is the setting of Takemoto Novala's novel Shimotsuma Monogatari (also known as Kamikaze Girls), and the manga and film of that name. The movie was filmed on location in Shimotsuma. ==References==