In the spring of 2001, a taxi mission to the space station was being scheduled to take place in October 2002. At first the crew was to be commander
Sergei Zalyotin and flight engineer
Frank De Winne; however, a report released in February 2002 stated that American musician
Lance Bass was interested in joining the crew for a one-week mission on board the Russian spacecraft. The mission began to fall through, and by September 2002 they had discontinued the training of Lance Bass due to the mission organizers' failure to meet the terms of the contract. They filled the vacant seat left by Lance Bass with Russian cosmonaut
Yuri Lonchakov. While the Soyuz TMA-1 was on orbit, the
Space Shuttle Columbia disaster occurred and required a change in crew changeout process. The Soyuz system became the sole method for crew to launch to and return from the ISS until the space shuttle was
returned to service in July 2005. Soyuz TMA-1 disembarked from ISS on May 4, 2003 and immediately began its return to Earth, marking the first entry and descent for this Soyuz class. A technical malfunction caused the Soyuz control system to abandon the gentler controlled entry and descent and instead fall back to the harsher ballistic reentry and descent. This resulted in a steep and off target landing of the spacecraft. The craft landed 300 miles short of the planned area, and the crew was subjected to severe
acceleration loads. Communication with the Soyuz was lost because one antenna was ripped off during descent, and two more did not deploy. The crew regained communications through an emergency transmitter after landing. Due to this event, future crews would be provided with a satellite phone to establish contact with recovery forces. Subsequent Soyuz TMA missions were able to successfully execute controlled reentries until the
Soyuz TMA-10 and
Soyuz TMA-11 missions which both also reverted to ballistic descents. Don Pettit, concerned that the film documenting his science experiments on the ISS would be damaged by space radiation before the next Shuttle could bring it home, decided to secure the film and other items in a pack he placed on his chest during reentry. While a normal Soyuz entry involves 3 G's, the ballistic reentry subjecting the crew to over 8 G's. This extreme force made the pack feel like a weight pressing down on Pettit's chest. Pettit was left exhausted and reportedly dislocated a shoulder, but the space agencies downplayed the situation saying the astronauts were in good shape. ==References==