Spanish Indian Residential Schools

Early years Prior to the establishment of the residential school in Spanish, Ontario, the Jesuits operated a day school at Wiikwemkoong First Nation beginning in 1838. In 1862, the Wikwemikong Industrial School, Girls' Department opened. In 1878, the corresponding Boys' Department was opened by the Jesuits with assistance from the Canadian government. In 1883, the director Reverend Regis Beaudin wrote to the ministry of Indian affairs with an update of students performance and of the death of 3 boys in 1882. In 1885, both schools were destroyed by fire and subsequently rebuilt. The Canadian government approved the Wikimikong School for funding through the residential school system in 1884. The reason the decision was made to move the boys school to Spanish was there was a ”strike” by the native workers. They were asking for two dollars a day for their labour. Instead of giving in or negotiating, the Jesuits decided to move the school to Spanish. (Taken from parish records.) In 1911, the girls school at Wikwemikong burned down. At the same time a decision was made to move the boys school to Spanish, Ontario, as it was believed that there would be increased access to the school in Spanish given its location near the railway. The fire at the girls school resulted in the relocation of both schools to Spanish in 1913. The Garnier High School, commonly referred to as Garnier College, was established in 1947 and operated out of the boys school. The name Garnier was chosen in honour of St. Charles Garnier, one of the Canadian Martyrs. In 1981, the Girls School building was ravaged by fire. However the shell of this building still stands in Spanish, Ontario. Closure The girls' school closed on 30 June 1962. The Spanish schools were all closed by 1965 and the Garnier building was demolished in 2004. School land of the boys, girls, and Garnier Schools were never owned by the Canadian Government; throughout the school operation, the schools were owned by the Jesuits Fathers and the Daughters of the Heart of Mary. == Student experience ==

Many students came to the residential schools in Spanish, Ontario, from Indigenous communities on Manitoulin Island, the shore of Lake Huron, and the shore of Lake Superior. Students also came from the regions around Parry Sound, Ottawa Valley, Marathon, Chapleau, Temagami, New Liskeard. There were also students from out of province at the schools including children from Northern Quebec, Akwesanse, Kahnawake, Kanestake, and Nelson House. Students who attended the St. Joseph's School for girls have spoken about the abuse, neglect, and the removal of individual identities which occurred at the school. As part of the assimilation at the school many of the nuns who operated the school only referred to the students by their assigned numbers and would not use the students' names. Indigenous activist and founding member of the National Indian Brotherhood, Wilmer Nadjiwon, spoke publicly about his mistreatment and the repeated sexual abuse he experienced at the St. Peter Claver Residential School. == Commemoration ==

The first residential school reunion connected to the Spanish residential schools occurred in 1988. In 2009 a monument was erected to remember the students of the Spanish Schools. Beginning in 2010 artist Stacy Sauve began carving a tree across from the St. Joseph school site as a form of memorial. The tree includes two elders and a thunderbird. ==School principals==

St. Peter Claver School For Boys St. Joseph's School for Girls ==See also==