The Spartakiad of Peoples of the USSR were mass multi-event competitions in the Soviet Union in 1956–1991, descendants of the 1928 All-Union Spartakiad that took place in Moscow. The competitions were designed to be conducted between constituent union republics of the Soviet Union, but the Russian SFSR was always represented by three teams, the RSFSR itself as a whole along with separate teams from its main two cities, Moscow and Leningrad. The Moscow team was the most successful performer at the Spartakiad of Peoples of the USSR.