Specialized High Schools Admissions Test

The SHSAT is used for admission to the following schools: • Bronx High School of Science • Brooklyn Latin School • Brooklyn Technical High School • High School of American Studies at Lehman College • High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College • Queens High School for the Sciences at York College • Staten Island Technical High School • Stuyvesant High School Admission to the remaining specialized high school, Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts, is determined by audition or portfolio rather than by exam. == The Hecht-Calandra Act ==

The Hecht-Calandra Act of 1971 codified the SHSAT into state law as the sole consideration for admissions at 3 of the specialized schools, Stuyvesant, Brooklyn Tech, and Bronx Science. The debate of whether or not the SHSAT and specialized schools are discriminatory dates back to the passing of this act. In the 1970s, the chancellor of the New York City public school system Harvey B. Scribner launched a study to investigate allegations that the specialized schools were “culturally biased” against Latino and Black students. In response to the study legislators came together to draft the Hecht-Calandra Act. The minority legislators who were against the bill “accused white colleagues of seeking an exclusionary racial quota at the schools”. ==2020 Discovery expansion==

In October 2013, it was reported that the number of African American and Latino students being admitted into SHSAT schools over the past five years had declined. In response, the Community Service Society and the NAACP Legal Defense Fund filed a complaint in the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights (OCR), asserting that New York state law (the Hecht-Calandra Act of 1971) requires only three schools (Bronx High School of Science, Brooklyn Tech, and Stuyvesant) to use the SHSAT for admissions and that the five other schools that use the SHSAT for admission are not required to do so, and that their doing so violates the civil rights of Black and Latino students. The position of the New York Department of Education is that applicants for all eight specialized high schools are legally required to take the SHSAT." In 2018, former Mayor Bill de Blasio proposed changes to the admission process of the Specialized High Schools. One of the proposed changes was repealing the Hecht-Calandra Act and replacing the SHSAT with a more "holistic" approach that takes other aspects of a student's education into consideration with no testing. However, the change did not happen. Due to the act, the city is not allowed to remove the SHSAT and would require a state law to change it. New York State Senate Bill S3087, sponsored in 2021 by State Senator Julia Salazar, sought to repeal the Hecht-Calandra Act. It was shelved in committee. A coalition of SHS alumni associations, SHS alumni, and SHS parents was formed to combat these changes. Instead of doing away with SHSAT testing entirely, a compromise was reached whereby 20 percent of each class of every SHS is now filled via the Discovery program, which hosts a summer study program at each SHS for students from disadvantaged backgrounds (who qualify for reduced-price lunch) who took the SHSAT but did not reach the qualifying score. Prior to this change, the Discovery program filled only 5 percent of each class at five of the Specialized High Schools, and had not recently been used at all for Stuyvesant High School, Bronx High School of Science, or the High School of American Studies at Lehman College. The racial distribution of Discovery students, as of 2024, has drastically lower numbers of white (9% vs. 26%) and multi-racial (1% vs. 5%) students, and higher numbers of Black (12% vs. 5%) and Latino (21% vs. 8%) students, than that of SHS matriculants with a qualifying score; however, Discovery has an even larger proportion of Asian students (56%) than among SHS matriculants scoring above the cutoff (52%). ==Testing locations==

The test is given in late October (8th grade) or early November (9th grade and 8th grade with IEPs, 504 plans, and ELL). The test is administered at testing centers located in Manhattan at Stuyvesant High School, in the Bronx at Bronx High School of Science, in Brooklyn at Brooklyn Technical High School, Sunset Park High School, or James Madison High School, in Queens at Long Island City High School, Hillcrest High School, or John Adams High School, in Staten Island at Staten Island Technical High School. ==Admission ==

Students must choose which schools they wish to apply to (up to 8) and indicate them in order of preference on an application portal before the day of the exam. The test is offered to all eighth and ninth-grade students residing within New York City, The results of the SHSAT are ordered from the highest score to the lowest score. The list is processed in order by score, with each student being placed in their most preferred school that still has open seats and continuing until there are no remaining open seats at any school. The grading of the test is not proportional to the raw score and is formalized by the New York City Department of Education. == Examination format ==

The SHSAT tests for grammar and ability in both English and mathematics. The examination is 180 minutes long. It is recommended that 90 minutes be divided for each section, but the time can be divided in any way students wish: however, if a student qualifies for an IEP, the time may be increased. In addition, a student who may have certain medical conditions can also get an increased amount of time. All students who qualify for a time extension get an additional 180 minutes to their examination time or doubled time. There is no break between the sections. Electronic calculators and other calculation aids may not be used during the test. ELA 57 multiple-choice questions: • 9-11 revising/editing • 5-6 nonfiction (2-3) and fiction (2-3) passages with a total of 46-48 questions • All questions are multiple-choice questions Mathematics 52 multiple-choice questions and 5 grid-in questions: • Various mathematical topics tested :Basic math ::Algebra ::Factoring ::Substitution ::Geometry ::Basic Coordinate Graphing ::Logic ::Word Problems ::3D Geometry Grading There is no penalty for wrong answers. The total number of correct answers (the raw score) is converted into a scaled score through a formula that the Department of Education does not release, and which varies from year to year. The scaled score is an integer between 20 and around 350. The scaled score is then used to determine the composite score, which varies from year to year, an integer between 40 and around 700. It is used to determine a student's standing. The scaled score is not proportional to the raw scores. However, the DOE released the cut-off scores for each Specialized High School for the 2022 results (for which the tests themselves were taken in 2021). In 2020, the cutoff scores were the following: Stuyvesant High School: 566; Queens High School For The Sciences At York College: 535; The Bronx High School of Science: 532; Staten Island Technical High School: 551; HSMSE @ CCNY: 523; HSAS @ Lehman: 520; Brooklyn Technical High School: 507; and The Brooklyn Latin School: 498. In 2021, the cutoff scores were the following: Stuyvesant High School: 560; Queens High School For The Sciences At York College: 482; The Bronx High School of Science: 517; Staten Island Technical High School: 525; HSMSE @ CCNY: 515; HSAS @ Lehman: 488; Brooklyn Technical High School: 492; and The Brooklyn Latin School: 481. The lower cutoff scores can be attributed to the reduced number of test-takers. In 2022, the cutoff scores were the following: Stuyvesant High School: 563; Queens High School For The Sciences At York College: 523; The Bronx High School of Science: 524; Staten Island Technical High School: 527; HSMSE @ CCNY: 532; HSAS @ Lehman: 516; Brooklyn Technical High School: 506; and The Brooklyn Latin School: 497. The 9th-grade SHSAT cut-off scores tend to be much higher due to limited seats for incoming 10th-graders in the schools. Some schools, such as Stuyvesant and Bronx Science, may only have 3-10 seats each year for incoming 10th graders, while Brooklyn Technical High School, being the school with the most students, may only have around 20-30 seats. Depending on the year, the number of seats is available in the NYC High School Directory Book given to all students applying for admission to a high school. Each year, an average of 50-60 ninth-grade students get into the Specialized Schools, out of an estimated 3,000 students. Past 9th Grade SHSAT Cut-off scores: In 2021, the cutoff scores were the following: Stuyvesant High School: 560; Queens High School For The Sciences At York College: 475; The Bronx High School of Science: 510; Staten Island Technical High School: 520; HSMSE @ CCNY: 481; HSAS @ Lehman: 482; Brooklyn Technical High School: 495; and The Brooklyn Latin School: 466. In 2022, the cutoff scores were the following: Stuyvesant High School: 563; Queens High School For The Sciences At York College: 541; The Bronx High School of Science: 551; Staten Island Technical High School: 525; HSMSE @ CCNY: 549; HSAS @ Lehman: 541; Brooklyn Technical High School; 546; and The Brooklyn Latin School: 545. ==Department of Education programs==

The New York Specialized High School Institute (SHSI) is a free program run by the City of New York for middle school students with high test scores on citywide tests and high report card grades. The program's original intent was to expand the population of Black and Latino students by offering them test-taking tips and extra lessons. However, anyone can apply. As of 2006, 3,781 students are enrolled at 17 locations. They spend 16 months, starting in the summer after sixth grade, preparing for the test. Certain applicants who have scored just below the cut-off score and are recommended by their guidance counselor may qualify for the Summer Discovery Program. Successful completion of this program allows the students to gain admission to a specialized high school. The students must: :1. have scored within a range below the cut-off score on the SHSAT; and :2. be certified as disadvantaged by their middle school according to any one of the following criteria: ::a. attend a Title 1 school and be from a family whose total income is documented as meeting federal income eligibility guidelines established for school food services by the NYS Department of Agriculture; or ::b. be receiving assistance from the Human Resources Administration; or ::c. be a member of a family whose income is documented as being equivalent to or below Department of Social Services standards; or ::d. be a foster child or ward of the state; or ::e. initially, have entered the United States within the last four years and live in a home in which the language customarily spoken is not English; and be recommended by their local school as having a high potential for the specialized high school program. == Fairness ==

In November 2005, a New York Times article found that students scoring in the 90th percentile on both sections would not gain admittance to their first-choice schools; meanwhile, those scoring in the 99th percentile on one section and the 50th percentile on the other would. == References ==