Sremska Kamenica was first mentioned in historical documents in 1237. In this time the town was administered by the
Kingdom of Hungary, although its name has a
Slavic origin. The name of the town derives from the Slavic word "kamen" ("stone" in
English) and was recorded as "villa Camanch" in 1237 and "Kamenez" in 1349. In the 15th century, the town had a school and a theater. During the medieval Hungarian administration, it was a fortified town and was administratively a part of the
Syrmia County. Since the Ottoman conquest in 1521-1526, the town was part of the
Ottoman Empire. In 1527-1530, it was part of the vassal Ottoman Duchy of
Syrmia ruled by
Serb duke
Radoslav Čelnik, and subsequently came under direct Ottoman administration as part of the Ottoman
Sanjak of Syrmia. Before the
Ottoman conquest in the 16th century, the town had about 150 houses, while during the Ottoman administration, in 1567, the population of the town numbered 15 houses. The inhabitants of the town during Ottoman administration were
Serbs. After the establishment of the
Habsburg administration in 1699, the Habsburg census from 1702 recorded 40 houses in the town, almost all of them populated by ethnic Serbs. During the 18th century, the number of
Orthodox inhabitants increased to 1,000. Until the middle of the 18th century, the town was under military administration. The civil administration was introduced in 1745 and the town was included into
Syrmia County, which was part of the Habsburg
Kingdom of Slavonia. The town was also a possession of the Marcibanji and Karačonji families. In 1848-1849, the town was part of autonomous
Serbian Vojvodina, and in 1849-1860 part of the
Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar. After the abolishment of the voivodeship in 1860, Kamenica was again incorporated into the Syrmia County of the Kingdom of Slavonia. In 1868, Kingdom of Slavonia was joined with the
Habsburg Kingdom of Croatia into the
Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, which was part of the Habsburg
Kingdom of Hungary and
Austria-Hungary. Administratively, the town was part of the
Irig municipality. In 1910, the largest ethnic group in Kamenica were
Serbs and the second largest were
Croats. A smaller number of
Hungarians,
Germans and
Slovaks lived there as well. In 1918, the town firstly became part of the
State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, then part of the
Kingdom of Serbia and finally part of the
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed to
Yugoslavia). From 1918 to 1922, Kamenica was part of the Syrmia county, from 1922 to 1929 part of the Syrmia oblast, and from 1929 to 1941 part of the
Danube Banovina. During
World War II, from 1941 to 1944, the town was occupied by
Axis troops and was included into the
Pavelić's Independent State of Croatia. Since 1944, the town is part of
Vojvodina, which (from 1945) was an autonomous province of
Serbia and
Yugoslavia. ==Population==