Wilkins is perhaps best known for his work on
phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCXI). His article on PCXI with laboratory, i.e. polychromatic, sources was published in Nature in 1996 and it is the most cited article in the X-ray phase-contrast research field with over 2000 citations. Wilkins had an instrumental role in the conception and launch of the BigDiff beamline, BL20B, at the
Photon Factory in Japan. The work to realize this beamline began in 1985 and the first experiments were conducted in 1992. This X-ray scattering beamline was primarily used for
X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The beamline was decommissioned on February 25, 2013. ==Awards==