Flemish bond

Despite being called "Flemish bond", this pattern of brickwork is not native to Flanders nor neighboring regions. This type of bond became associated with the architecture of the Low Countries, eventually leading to the pattern's name. ==Description==

Flemish bond is a decorative form of brickwork pattern, as distinct from functional bonds such as English bond. The decorative nature of the pattern can be accented by glazing or burning the headers. In the British North American colonies, this shiny black glazing was achieved when saplings were added during the kiln process. ==History==

The pattern was employed throughout Northern and Central Europe during the late Middle Ages, with a notable number of Polish structures utilizing the bond. The late 15th-century Frauenkirche in Munich, Germany, is a prominent early example of the pattern's employment. Kew Palace (built 1631; also known as the Dutch House) in London is thought to be the first example of Flemish bond in England. The pattern became preferred for brickwork in high-quality English architecture by the middle of the 17th century. With the early 20th-century restoration project at Colonial Williamsburg that saw the restoration and reproduction of prominent historic buildings in Williamsburg, Virginia, such as the Ludwell–Paradise House that had used Flemish bond, the pattern experienced renewed popularity in the United States. Flemish bond is a regular component of both colonial and modern buildings on the campus of the College of William & Mary, also in Williamsburg. ==Examples==

• Cattle Depot Artist Village, Hong Kong • Frauenkirche, Munich • Kew Palace, London • Ludwell–Paradise House, Williamsburg, Virginia • St. Luke's Church, Smithfield, Virginia ==References==