The Institute traces its origins to 1947, when The Institute of Supervision and Management (ISM) was founded. In 1964, the National Examining Board for Supervision and Management (formerly the National Examining Board for Supervisory Studies) was established as an independent, autonomous body administered by the
City and Guilds of London Institute. In November 2001, The Institute of Supervision and Management and the National Examining Board for Supervision and Management, merged to form The Institute of Leadership & Management, operating as part of the
City & Guilds Group. In December 2016, The Institute of Leadership separated from City & Guilds, becoming an independent membership body. The accreditation activities remained with City & Guilds under the name ILM. On 3 April 2023, ABE became an independent subsidiary of The Institute of Leadership. == References ==