Surianshah of Banjar

. Raden Samudera was the son of Puteri Galuh Beranakan (Queen Intan Sari), the daughter of Maharaja Sukarama from Negara Daha. And his father's name was Raden Mantri Alu, nephew of Maharaja Sukarama. The name "Surianshah" (in local writing: 'Suriansyah') is often used as a name for a boy in Banjar people. According to the manuscript "The Story of the Heredity of the Kings of Banjar and Kotawaringin" aka "Hikayat Banjar Resension I", Surianshah was the 6th descendant of and also the 6th descendant of the couple and Maharaja Suryanata. Maharaja Suryanata was picked up from Majapahit as the match for Junjung Buih, the adopted sister of Lambung Mangkurat. Surianshah was also the 3rd descendant of . Crown Prince of Negara Daha The political legitimacy that emerged for the Banjar community was that a king or a candidate to replace the king must be the eldest son of the king born from a mother who was also of royal blood (putera gahara). This refers to the couple Suryanata and Junjung Buih as their idealization. The direct line descendants of the kings (in the Hindu conception) which also means the direct descendants of the nāgas (in the original religious conception), are believed to be the representatives of the gods on earth. This tradition in itself became a source of political legitimacy for every ruler who took turns on the throne. Although the Banjar Sultanate which emerged in the 16th century was an Islamic state, the political traditions inherited from the Dipa State era still strongly influenced the succession process, and this rule was also well understood by Maharaja Sukarama, the second king of Negara Daha. It is told in the Hikayat Banjar, Maharaka Sukarama had four wives and four sons and one daughter. They were respectively Prince Mangkubumi, Prince Tumenggung, Prince Bagalung, Prince Jayadewa, and the youngest daughter named Princess Galuh Baranakan. The four wives of the king apparently were not of noble blood, so the king married Princess Galuh Baranakan to his own brother's son, Raden Bagawan, whose name was Raden Mantri Alu. This couple, Galuh and Mantri then gave birth to Raden Samudera. Because he was pure-blooded, Sukarama considered Raden Samudera to be more entitled to inherit the throne of Daha than the others. Even though his children opposed their father's decision, Sukamara still insisted that Raden Samudera was the heir to the throne. After the death of Sukarama, Prince Mangkubumi and Prince Tumanggung, who wanted the throne, tried to get rid of Prince Samudera. This then triggered a civil war that brought the Kingdom of Negara Daha to its collapse. == Reign ==

Accession To avenge his uncles, Prince Samudera slowly gathered power, until finally he was recognized by a number of village chiefs downstream of the Barito River, and made the river the base of his power. By the village chiefs, he was appointed King in 1520. On September 24, 1526 (6 Zulhijjah 932 H), Prince Samudera converted to Islam and chose the title Sultan Suryanullah Shah, from the words surya (sun) and shah (king) which are adapted to the title of Raden Putra (Rahadyan Putra) namely Suryanata, a founder of a dynasty during the previous Hindu kingdom. After his accession, he managed to defeat his rivals and became the sole ruler of Banjar. Administrative policies When Surianshah first ruled the kingdom, Patih Masih, one of the high officials of the State of Daha, served as Mangkubumi. He then formed the Four Patihs (Patih Ampat), which were held by the heads of the Barito villages who had supported him. Surianshah made Patih Masih to manage the Four Patihs consisting of four deputies: == Death ==

Sultan Suryanullah is estimated to have died in 1540 or 1546, as written on his tombstone. After his death, the sultan received the posthumous title Panembahan Batu Habang and Susuhunan Batu Habang, named after the color of the red bricks (habang) covering his grave in the Sultan Surianshah Tomb Complex in Old Banjar, now North Kuin, South Kalimantan. == Legacy ==

The date of Surianshah's coronation, September 24, 1526, is commemorated as the Anniversary of Banjarmasin, approximately years ago. == References ==