Energy communities represent a promising approach designed to encourage localized generation and utilization of energy resources, crucial for achieving the objectives of the ongoing energy transition. This emerging concept not only facilitates the transition towards sustainable energy but also encourages active engagement from community members. They are recognized as an integral part of creating a sustainable energy system by the European Union, which also included them in the Clean Energy Package and other energy regulations, such as the
Renewable Energy Directive. Energy communities are any collaboration of citizens and other entities, such as municipalities, companies, energy providers, network operators,
NGOs, etc., with the joint aim to contribute to energy system transformation by involving multiple actors in a participatory manner, and by aiming to create benefits for all involved parties (and potentially for society at large). The benefits of energy communities vary. Most commonly, they are associated with the environmental benefits and benefits for their members, which are often linked to financial savings. Additionally, they also benefit the larger society with the promotion of sustainable energy practices and active citizen participation. Local communities also benefit from energy communities, for example by creation of jobs. In 2023, the number of energy community sites in Europe alone reached approximately 3,500. This trend has also gained momentum globally, with similar initiatives emerging in other regions. For instance, the United States has seen the establishment of around 100 sites, while New Zealand has initiated approximately 9 sites. ==United Kingdom==