Sutton grew up in Lenoir, North Carolina, and she is a member of the
Lumbee Indian Tribe in North Carolina. She was
Miss North Carolina USA in 1977 (under the pseudonym Vikki Verbyla). She received her master's degree in public administration from
Old Dominion University. She received her Ph.D. in environmental sciences at the
University of Texas at Dallas while working as a legal assistant in Dallas, Texas. After her Ph.D. she worked at the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) headquarters in Washington, D.C. as special assistant to J. Clarence Davies, the assistant administrator for policy, planning and evaluation. Climate change was the environmental issue rising to the top of the White House's agenda at the time, which led to Sutton taking a position at the
Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) as the U.S. EPA liaison. She eventually left EPA to work for OSTP on the climate change framework convention meetings led by OSTP and the State Department as senior policy analyst. She rose to be assistant director of FCCSET, which is now called the
National Science and Technology Council, coordinating more than 2,000 federal scientists in research programs focusing on climate change, high performance computing and communications, biotechnology and advanced materials (later nanotechnology). She oversaw the
President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, organizing monthly meetings with the president of the United States. Sutton pursued a J.D. degree at American University, Washington College of Law, magna cum laude in 1999. During her time in law school, she interned in the
U.S. Department of Justice, Environment and Natural Resources, Indian Resources Section in 1996 and in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, for Judge Plager. Vickie Sutton started her tenure-track career in fall 1999 at Texas Tech University School of Law. Sutton was the first woman to run for U.S. Congress in the
2003 Texas's 19th Congressional District special election. In 2004, she was a visiting lecturer at the Yale Law School and the Yale School of Public Health. In 2005, became the co-PI with the Centers of Excellence for Biodefence and Emerging Infectious Diseases. At that time, she established the first journal of law in the field of Law, Policy and Biodefence. In 2005, Sutton joined the Policy Advisory Board of the
National Congress of American Indians. In 2005, Vickie Sutton served as the first chief counsel (2005-2007) for the Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA) of U.S. Department of Transportation. She served as the co-chair for the U.S. DOT Climate Change Council and as the U.S. DOT representative to the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. In 2007, Sutton returned to her academic position at Texas Tech University and in 2013, she served as associate dean for research and faculty development. == Academic work ==