The barracks began as an unnamed
drill hall constructed in 1896 prior to the
Federation of Australia. An administration building was later constructed in a style described by the heritage register as "a romantic interpretation of a fortress". Upon
federation the barracks was used by the
Australian Army, and became the headquarters of its
5th Military District. An ordnance store was added to the complex in 1905. Swan Barracks was a military headquarters during the
Second World War. Additional wings were added to the eastern and western sides of the complex during the early years of the war. It was the headquarters of the
5th Division. The Australian Army used the complex throughout the
Cold War. In 1992 the Army units stationed at Swan Barracks were relocated to
Leeuwin Barracks in
Fremantle. The complex was sold in 1999. ==Heritage listing and civilian use==