Taiwan resident

In 1949, the People's Republic of China was established and the Republic of China government retreated to Taiwan, thus forming a division between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. The People's Republic of China government adheres to the one-China principle and asserts that the Republic of China was abolished in 1949, and that the sovereignty of Taiwan belongs to China and is the territory of the People's Republic of China, which is written into the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. Therefore, in principle, citizens of the Republic of China residing in Taiwan have Chinese nationality, are citizens of the People's Republic of China, and are subject to the Chinese nationality law, but in practice, special handling is required. The People's Republic of China government uses legal documents issued by the Republic of China government, such as Taiwan passports, national identification cards and household registration transcripts as the qualification for residents of Taiwan. == Use ==

Taiwanese residents entering mainland China need to hold a Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents. Taiwanese residents with foreign nationality need to use their foreign passports to apply for Chinese visas. Those who reside in mainland China for a long time can obtain a residence permit for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents. In the Regulations on the Administration of Travel Between Chinese Citizens and Taiwan formulated in 1991, Taiwan residents were defined as "Chinese citizens residing in Taiwan". Ji Ye, a researcher of the People's Republic of China, pointed out that this was "the first time that the concept of 'Taiwan residents' replaced 'Taiwan compatriots '", and "this concept has been used in a large number of normative documents related to Taiwan since then". The researcher believes that the use of the term "Taiwan residents" has two connotations: first, "to confirm that (the vast majority) Taiwan residents are also Chinese citizens and have Chinese nationality"; second, to establish a control standard for the first time, that is, to distinguish between people on both sides of the strait by the standard of " place of residence ", so as to meet the need for legal control of personnel exchanges; and in practice, the determination of place of residence is linked to household registration, and Taiwan residents actually refer to Chinese citizens who have established household registration in Taiwan. In the Interim Measures for the Administration of Marriage Registration between Mainland Residents and Taiwan Residents issued in 1998, "Taiwan residents" refers to "Chinese citizens residing in Taiwan, China". In the Regulations on the Issuance and Management of Travel Permits for Taiwan Residents to the Mainland formulated in 2015, "Taiwan residents" refers to "Chinese citizens who have household registration in Taiwan but not in the mainland." For those who do not have household registration in Taiwan, i.e., Taiwanese citizens without household registration, whether they are treated as ordinary "Taiwan residents" varies in practice. The relevant service guidelines of the Fujian Provincial Public Security Department may not include Taiwanese citizens without household registration in Taiwan. == References ==