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Tampere Central Station

Tampere Central Station is a functionalist building in Tampere, Finland, designed by Eero Seppälä and Otto Flodin, completed in 1936. The station is one of the most important railway stations in Finland. In 2015, the Tampere Central Station was the second busiest railway station in Finland in terms of numbers of passengers, after the Helsinki Central Station.

Passenger traffic
About 150 trains arrive at and depart from the Tampere railway station daily, with 4.7 million passengers using the station in 2017. Most of the traffic is towards Helsinki. Tampere also has railway connections northwards, and towards the cities of Turku, Jyväskylä, and Pori. Pendolino trains go from Tampere to Helsinki, Kuopio via Jyväskylä, and Oulu via Seinäjoki. Since 15 December 2019, commuter train traffic in Tampere is served by M trains on the Tampere commuter rail on the route Nokia - Tampere - Toijala and R trains on the Helsinki commuter rail on the route Helsinki - Tampere. Tampere also has regional train connections to Keuruu. Tracks The Tampere railway station has three platforms, of which the first two are covered. There are five tracks in total, which are divided into partial tracks with separate letter identifiers in case of lack of capacity. • Tracks 1 to 2 are mainly used for traffic to the south (Helsinki) and the north (Seinäjoki, Vaasa and Oulu). • Tracks 3 to 5 are mainly used for traffic to the east (Haapamäki and Jyväskylä) and to the west (Turku and Pori). Connecting services Many lines on the Tampere public transport travel past the railway station either via Hämeenkatu and Itsenäisyydenkatu or via Rautatienkatu. The stops are located at the intersection between Rautatienkatu and Hämeenkatu. The Rautatieasema tram stop is located near the railway station, used by Tampere light rail lines 1 and 3. The station building has direct connections to the underground Noutoparkki and P-Hämppi parking garages, of which the first one is aimed for traffic to the railway station with free parking for half an hour. P-Hämppi and the parking garage P-Asema located near the station are intended for long-term parking. The Asema-aukio square on the Rautatienkatu side holds a taxi station, parking for buses and a small number of parking spaces. Parking spaces for bicycles are available at the level of platform 1 and at a site with camera surveillance at the ground floor of P-Asema. The station is accessible on foot from the Asema-aukio square and from the Itsenäisyydenkatu and Ratapihankatu streets. ==History==
History
When the railway from Hämeenlinna to Tampere was being planned, there were two options for the location for the Tampere railway station. The western option assumed the railway would eventually continue to Ostrobothnia via Kyröskoski, so the railway would have crossed the Tammerkoski rapids at Ratinanniemi and the railway station would have been located at the site of the Hämeenpuisto park. A branch terminal line to the Mustalahti harbour on the shore of lake Näsijärvi would also have been constructed. In the eastern option, the railway to Ostrobothnia would have been directed towards Orivesi, leaving the station located far away in the municipality of Messukylä. The citizens of Tampere were in favour of the western option, as the city of Tampere was entirely located to the west of the Tammerkoski rapids at the time and the eastern option would have left the railway station behind the then-notorious suburb of Kyttälä. However, the railway was still built according to the eastern option, as there was an area suitable for the station to the southeast of Kyttälä, allowing the railway to extend towards Orivesi as well as to Kyröskoski according to the original western option. In its northern end, the railway was extended to the Naistenlahti harbour on the shore of lake Näsijärvi. The southern part was completed in 1896, and both sheds were expanded in the 1920s and 1930s. A cargo station designed by Bruno Granholm was built to the north of the engine sheds in 1905, which was expanded in 1922 and 1980. ==Station buildings==
Station buildings
The station served its task well in its early days, because only a couple of trains arrived in Tampere per day. However, it soon became crowded, and the station had to be expanded several times. At that time, it was decided to build a new station in Tampere, and a design competition was held. Planning of the new station building was hindered by disagreements about the direction of the underpass to be built across the railway yard. The tower and the northern wing of the station containing a restaurant were built in 1937. In 1948 one additional floor was built onto the southern wing of the station. The station building was moved to the administration of the VR Group in 1995. The Finnish Heritage Agency has designated the area of the Tampere Central Station as a nationally important protected site. Connections between Tammela and the city centre were greatly improved when a tunnel was built underneath the station yard, completed at the same time as the new station. Before the new station building was built, traffic from the city centre to Tammela went via a wooden bridge over the railway tracks starting from the end of Hämeenkatu. As traffic increased, the bridge became cramped and difficult to cross. In the early 1930s it was decided to build a tunnel underneath the railway tracks to ease traffic. Construction of the tunnel was difficult because Tammela was located much higher than the city centre. Because of this, the elevation of Itsenäisyydenkatu was lowered by several metres. The tunnel was completed at the same time as the new station building, and so the connections between Tammela and the city centre were greatly improved. The station square was lowered to the same elevation as the tunnel. The Pendolino tunnel was closed for passage in 2016. In 2012 a new 75-metre long underpass tunnel under Rongankatu was opened for the use of pedestrians and bicyclists to help travel between Tammela and the city centre. The tunnel has elevator and stair connections to all platforms. Cargo station The tracks were greatly renewed in the late 1990s, and the loading tracks of the old cargo station were disassembled and the locomotive garage houses were disused. Many tracks leading to nearby storage buildings were also disassembled. In 2004, the track from the track yard to the Naistenlahti power station was cut from its northern end. The southern end is used to store and organise train carriages. The warehouses at the old cargo station were dismantled in early autumn 2009. The current cargo station in Tampere is located to the south of the passenger station in the district of Rautaharkko. It is connected to the Viinikka railway yard, which is one of the busiest railway organisation yards in Finland. The green building on the eastern side of the track opposite the passenger station is the old cargo station, whose conservation has been subject to intense debate in municipal politics throughout the 2010s. According to the zoning plan of the area, which came into force in February 2016, the old cargo station building will be moved slightly to the east, so an adjustment of the Ratapihankatu street can be built in its place. However, the city council stopped the handling of the matter later in the same year, as the cost of the moving operation increased from 1.2 million euro to over three million euro during the investigation. The current zoning plan only allows for a solution either to move the station or keep it in place, so the city started investigation for a new zoning plan. In 2018 the city council decided to move the station after all, referring to the complaint stage coming up and to political difficulties. ==Gallery==
Gallery
File:Tampere railyard Sep2007.jpg|A view of the railway yard; to the left is the old cargo station, whose warehouses were dismantled in autumn 2009 File:Tampere railway station in December.jpg|The railway station on a December morning File:Näyttötaulu.jpg|The old timetable display at the station hall File:Tampereen rautatieaseman uusi näyttötaulu.jpg|The new timetable display introduced in December 2015 ==See also==
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