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Tarski monster group

In the area of modern algebra known as group theory, a Tarski monster group, named for Alfred Tarski, is an infinite group such that every proper subgroup, other than the identity subgroup, is a cyclic group of order a fixed prime number p. A Tarski monster group is necessarily simple. It was shown by Alexander Yu. Olshanskii in 1979 that Tarski groups exist, and that there is a Tarski p-group for every prime p > 1075. They are a source of counterexamples to conjectures in group theory, most importantly to Burnside's problem and the von Neumann conjecture.

Definition
A Tarski group is an infinite group such that all proper subgroups have prime power order. Such a group is then a Tarski monster group if there is a prime p such that every non-trivial proper subgroup has order p. An extended Tarski group is a group G that has a normal subgroup N whose quotient group G/N is a Tarski group, and any subgroup H is either contained in or contains N. ==Properties==
Properties
As every group of prime order is cyclic, every proper subgroup of a Tarski monster group is cyclic. As a consequence, the intersection of any two different proper subgroups of a Tarski monster group must be the trivial group. • Every Tarski monster group is finitely generated. In fact it is generated by every two non-commuting elements. • If G is a Tarski monster group, then G is simple. If N\trianglelefteq G and U\leq G is any subgroup distinct from N the subgroup NU would have p^2 elements. • The construction of Olshanskii shows in fact that there are continuum-many non-isomorphic Tarski Monster groups for each prime p>10^{75}. • Tarski monster groups are examples of non-amenable groups not containing any free subgroups. ==References==
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