1968–2000 ,
Greater Kolkata Tata Consultancy Services Limited, originally known as Tata Computer Systems, was established in 1968 by
Tata Sons Limited. The company's initial contracts involved providing
punched card services to its sister company TISCO (now
Tata Steel), developing an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the
Central Bank of India, and offering bureau services to the
Unit Trust of India. In 1975, TCS implemented an electronic depository and trading system named SECOM for
Swiss company SIS SegaInterSettle. It also developed System X for the Canadian Depository System and automated the
Johannesburg Stock Exchange. TCS also partnered with the Swiss firm TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired. In 1980, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development center, the
Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC), located in
Pune. The following year, it created India's first client-dedicated
offshore development centre, established for
Tandem. Anticipating the
Y2K bug and the introduction of the unified European currency (
Euro), Tata Consultancy Services developed a factory model for Y2K conversion. The company also created
software tools to automate the conversion process and facilitate implementation by third-party developers and clients. In late 1999, TCS introduced
Decision Support System (DSS) solutions to the domestic market. In 1999, the company also registered its first tagline, "Beyond the Obvious."
2001–2019 In 2001, TCS entered the
bioinformatics segment, and three years later, launched India's first
bioinformatics product. In 2003, TCS became the first Indian IT company to record $1 billion in revenue. On 25 August 2004, TCS became a
publicly listed company after its
initial public offering. In July 2005, Tata Infotech, which was until then a different IT subsidiary of
Tata Sons, merged with TCS in a
stock swap deal. Later that year, TCS changed its tagline from "Beyond the Obvious" to "Experience Certainty". In 2006, TCS developed an
ERP system for the
Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation. By 2008, its e-business operations were generating over US$500 million in annual revenue. In 2011, TCS entered the
small and medium enterprises market with
cloud-based solutions. On the final trading day of 2011, it surpassed
RIL to achieve the highest market capitalization of any India-based company. In the 2011–12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual revenues exceeding US$10 billion for the first time. In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract valued at over to provide services to the Indian
Department of Posts. In 2013, the company moved from 13th to 10th place on the list of global IT services companies by revenue. In July 2014, it became the first
Indian company to exceed in market capitalization. In January 2015, TCS became India's most profitable company, ending
Reliance Industries Limited's 23-year streak. In January 2017, TCS announced a partnership with Aurus, a payments technology company, to deliver payment solutions for retailers through TCS OmniStore, a unified store commerce platform. The same year, TCS China entered into a joint venture with the Chinese government. In March 2018, Tata Sons sold TCS shares worth $1.25 billion in a bulk transaction. In 2019, TCS received four Stevies at the American Business Awards.
2020–present On 8 October 2020, TCS surpassed
Accenture in market capitalization, becoming the world's most valuable IT company with a market capitalization of over $144 billion. On 25 January 2021, TCS briefly reclaimed the title of the world's most valuable IT company from Accenture with a market cap of $170 billion. On the same day, TCS also became India's most valuable company, surpassing
Reliance Industries. In May 2021, TCS, in collaboration with its consortium partner
Neurotechnology, was selected by the
Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) to provide biometric technology for the
Aadhaar digital ID program. The Aadhaar program, which has a database of over 1.3 billion citizens, has been described by
World Bank Chief Economist Paul Romer as the "most sophisticated ID program in the world." In 2021, TCS underwent a millennial rebranding, and the company updated its tagline from "Experience Certainty" to "Building on Belief". In 2021, Tata Consultancy Services was also one of the largest job providers in India, hiring 43,000 new employees in the first half of the fiscal year 2021–22. In July 2025, TCS announced that it would downsize its global workforce by 2%, or about 12,000 employees, primarily from middle- and senior-level positions, citing a "
skill mismatch". ==Acquisitions==