Bir Tawil

On 19 January 1899, an agreement between the United Kingdom and Egypt relating to the administration of Sudan defined "Soudan" as the "territories south of the 22nd parallel of latitude". It contained a provision that would give Egypt control of the Red Sea port of , but an amendment on 10 July 1899 gave Suakin to Sudan instead. ==Geography==

is in size. The lengths of its northern and southern borders are and respectively; the lengths of its eastern and western borders are and respectively. In the north of the area is the mountain (), with a height of . In the east is , with a height of , marking the territory's highest point. In the south is the (), also called . There is no surface water in Bir Tawil. ==Climate==

's climate is, according to the Köppen climate classification, a hot desert climate (Bwh). For approximately three-quarters of the year the temperature can exceed , and in the three hottest months (June–August) it can be as high as . During the winters (December and January being its mildest months), can have lower temperatures, with as its usual temperature peak. Because the territory is far from the ocean (being at least away from the Red Sea), the diurnal temperature range throughout the region is large, about year-round. ==Population==

Bir Tawil has no settled population, but members of the Ababda and Bishari tribes pass through the region, and unregulated mining camps have been established throughout the territory in search of gold deposits. Young Pioneer Tours operated two tours to the territory in 2019 and 2024, and claimed the existence of permanent settlements related to the unregulated mining camps. They also reported that mercenaries and weapons dealers linked to the ongoing civil war in Sudan were operating in the area. The local population has reacted unfavourably to attempts to claim their lands over the internet. While they mostly welcomed rare visitors, they are also armed well enough to repel foreign occupiers. ==Claims==

Due to its status as '''' unclaimed territory, a number of individuals and organisations have attempted to claim as a micronation; because of the remoteness and hostile climate of the region, the vast majority of these claims have been by declarations posted on the internet from other locations. None of these claims, or any others, have been recognised, officially or otherwise, by any government or international organisation. == Literature ==

• Dean Karalekas (2020). ''The Men in No Man's Land: A Journey Into Bir Tawil''. 120 pages. . ==See also==