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R v Ingram, C., Ingram, D. and Whittock, T.

R v Ingram, C., Ingram, D. and Whittock, T. was a 2003 English Crown Court fraud case in which Major Charles Ingram, his wife Diana and college lecturer Tecwen Whittock were found guilty of procuring the execution of a valuable security by deception—obtaining a signed cheque for £1 million—by cheating on the filming of the UK game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? The charge was that Charles Ingram used coughs by his wife and Whittock to guide him to the correct answers, in order to win £1 million in violation of the rules of the game. The Ingrams were sentenced to an 18-month suspended sentence and Whittock to one of 12 months. The three also received fines and were ordered to pay costs.

Background
Charles Ingram was a major in the British Army. He and his wife Diana had debts of £50,000. They both entered TV quiz shows with Diana appearing on Who Wants to Be A Millionaire? winning £32,000 and her brother also appearing separately, winning the same amount. Between the two days of filming, it is reported that Diana made contact with future contestant Tecwen Whittock to plan how to help Charles win £1million. Ingram responded stating "I completely refute that obviously". == Trial ==
Trial
The defendants each pleaded not guilty to the charge of procuring the execution of a valuable security by deception. The Crown Court trial was presided by judge Geoffrey Revlin and became known as "The Millionaire Trial". The prosecution first accused the Ingrams of using pagers hidden on Charles' body on the first day of filming which would vibrate at the correct answer and adduced records from Diana's mobile phone to Whittock's. The prosecution called a contestant, Larry Whitehurst, who stated that he had been watching Whittock from across the studio in his Fastest Finger First (FFF) seat, had noticed his pattern of coughing, and had suspicions that he was involved in cheating. He claimed that when it came to the £1million question, Ingram was waiting for Whittock to cough when "googol" was mentioned; he coughed as he had predicted. The floor manager stated that the production staff had taken the unusual step of having Charles searched after the recording because they were suspicious he was cheating using hidden pagers, but nothing was found. A sound analyst affirmed that 192 coughs were heard during the filming and the sound supervisor said 19 "significant" coughs had come from near a live microphone which he believed to be one of the FFF microphones on the side where Whittock was sitting. The supervisor also claimed that she had noticed the Ingrams' attitudes change in their dressing rooms after the win going from a mood of elation to them having an argument. Charles took the stand and denied arguing with Diana after winning. He claimed he knew the answers to questions 11 through 14, and deduced the answer to the final question, where he relied on his maths and physics A-levels for the answer. When he was shown a recording of question 14 where a cough was heard and followed by a whispered "No!" after Charles had mentioned he was going to give Berlin as his answer, members of the public in the gallery started laughing which led to the judge threatening to clear the courtroom. He said he was devastated when he had heard of Diana's calls to Whittock. He said that after the allegations becoming public he had started taking medicine as his car had been vandalised, his cat shot at, and "cheat" shouted at him in public. When asked why his cough apparently disappeared when he played his game of Millionaire straight afterwards, he said he drank several glasses of water in the intermission. He also stated that the phone call between his and Diana's phones lasted less than five minutes. The defence questioned why Whittock would agree to such a quickly devised scheme, particularly as he might cough involuntarily at any time. the judge asked the jury if Charles Ingram was "a genuine millionaire or a fraudster". One juror was later discharged for an unknown reason. The jury initially declared that they found Charles and Whittock guilty but Diana not guilty. The judge said that was not an acceptable verdict as all three were co-defendants and the prosecution's case relied on Diana's actions influencing those of Charles and Whittock. After retiring for a second time, the jury declared all three guilty of the charge. The Ingrams received an 18-month suspended sentence and a fine of £15,000 plus £10,000 for costs. Whittock received 6months less and a fine of £10,000 plus £7,500 for costs. == Appeal ==
Appeal
The Ingrams appealed the fines. The appellate court denied Charles' appeal as not being justified and refused him leave to appeal further; Diana's was permitted as she had no financial independence. An appeal drawing on the Human Rights Act 1998 allowed Charles to challenge their costs. A 2016 newspaper article states the Ingrams were means-assessed at the magistrates' court to pay £5,000 and had paid £1,240. == Libel claim ==
Libel claim
Charles sued Celador in a civil case for £240,000, per usual procedure suspended for the criminal law decision; this was dismissed. == Aftermath ==
Aftermath
After the court case, the Ingrams would be constantly coughed at by members of the public and Charles gained the nickname of "The Coughing Major". They were also subject to a campaign of harassment which involved people vandalising their car and their cat being shot with an air gun. The Army Board requested that Charles resign his commission, which he did. Whittock resigned from his lecturer's job at Pontypridd College and trademarked his name to prevent a company from naming a cough medicine after him. The trademark expired in 2013 and was declared "dead" in 2014 after not being renewed. ITV broadcast two documentaries about the case titled Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?: Major Fraud hosted by journalist Martin Bashir, and Who Wants to Steal a Million? The programmes were produced by James Goldston. Years after the court case, a number of journalists have cast doubt on the original verdict citing the inconsistency of the coughs and Tarrant's testimony that he had heard no coughing. Some also cited that coughing was heard during the game involving Judith Keppel, the first ever millionaire winner of Millionaire, but was not investigated. In 2015, James Plaskett and Bob Woffinden published Bad Show: The Quiz, The Cough, The Millionaire Major, in which they questioned the defendants' guilt. In 2017, a play titled Quiz was released about the case. A three-episode television series based on the play, also titled Quiz, was aired on ITV in 2020. == See also ==
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