The use of the
postposition asti (or synonymously
saakka) with the
illative (or
allative or
sublative) case in Finnish very closely corresponds to the terminative. These same postpositions with the
elative (or
ablative) case also express the opposite of a terminative: a limit in time or space of origination or initiation. The old Finnish terminative
-ni is no longer productive, but it appears in the
Kalevala: nominative
se "it, that" ~ terminative
sini "up to where" = modern
siihen asti, and nominative
kuka "who, what (poetic)" ~ terminative
kuni "up to where" = modern
kuhun asti. Also, the established phrase
kaikki tyynni "every, until completion" contains the terminative
tyynni, being derived from an older form
kaikki tyvennik "every, up to its base", where
tyvi is "foot, base". == Japanese ==