The Bobbs-Merrill Company began 3 October 1850 when
Samuel Merrill bought an Indianapolis bookstore and entered the publishing business. After his death in 1855, his son, Samuel Merrill Jr., continued the business. Soon after the
American Civil War (1861–1865) the business became Merrill, Meigs, and Company, and in 1883 the name changed again to the Bowen-Merrill Company. In 1903 the name became the Bobbs-Merrill Company, after long-time director,
William Conrad Bobbs. From 1899 through 1909, the company published 16 novels whose sales placed each of them among the nation's top ten best-selling books of the year for one or more years. The company was the plaintiff in
Bobbs-Merrill Co. v. Straus, 210 U.S. 339 (1908), a case regarded as the origin of copyright's
first-sale doctrine. Bobbs-Merrill was known for publishing such authors as Keith Ayling,
Erving Goffman,
Richard Halliburton,
David Markson,
Walter Dean Myers,
Ayn Rand,
James Whitcomb Riley,
Mary Roberts Rinehart and
Irma S. Rombauer. Of note, Irma S. Rombauer wrote
The Joy of Cooking, Mary Roberts Rinehart wrote
The Circular Staircase (1908) and Keith Ayling wrote
The Story of Old Leatherneck of the Flying Tigers (1945). Bobbs-Merrill also published the early works of fantasy writer
L. Frank Baum. Bobbs-Merrill was responsible for a long period in its history for publishing the codified state laws of the State of Indiana and of other U.S. states. and texts in the history of philosophy. In 1944, Bobbs-Merrill commissioned artist
Evelyn Copelman to illustrate a new edition of
The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, reprinted as
The Wizard of Oz and
The New Wizard of Oz. Copelman's illustrations were more influenced by the 1939
Judy Garland MGM film version of the book than by
W. W. Denslow's original 1900 illustrations, although the credits on the book stated otherwise. The year that Copelman's illustrations first appeared, 1949, was also the year of the film's first re-release. In 1959, The
Howard W. Sams Company purchased Bobbs-Merrill. When Sams was acquired by
Macmillan in 1985, the Bobbs-Merrill name ceased being used, with the exception of continued sales of the Fifth Revision of
The Joy of Cooking. This book continued to be a steady seller for Macmillan. There were also selected College Division titles, such as the Library of Liberal Arts. ==Book series==