The theme of the song is that of sexual infidelity and it is built around the
refrain "And where, where is my gypsy wife tonight?" It implicitly references the folk-song, which exists in many versions (e.g. "The Gypsy Rover", "The Black Jack Davy", "The Raggle-Taggle Gypsy"), of the well-born bride who runs away with the gypsies. In Cohen's version, it is the gypsy himself who comes home looking for his wife and finds her gone. The song then moves in a more biblical direction, referencing
Judith and Holofernes (coloured by details from the stories of
Salome and
Ruth) in the line "Whose head is this she's dancing with on the threshing-floor?", and later Genesis 7–8, the story of Noah and the Flood. In her 2012 work, Cohen biographer
Sylvie Simmons writes of the song:
"Its sensual melody is paired with dark accusatory lyrics that are biblical in tone." She called the stern sense of loss Cohen voiced, in the song,
"a touch disproportionate", given his long history of finding lovers who were already in relationships with other men. ==Composition==