Elder was born
Charlotte, North Carolina. She was the sixth child of Booker T. and Odessa Clark. Her father worked as a porter and her mother did domestic work in homes. Elder described her childhood as wonderful, and that her family taught her the value of education and religious faith, which have guided her life and career. From a young age Elder knew what she wanted to do, as a result, when she was a student at
West Charlotte High School, Elder began working with
Charlotte Memorial Hospital. Because of
segregation, she remained largely behind the scenes and rarely interacted with patients. She attended West Charlotte High School during its inaugural year in 1938. After graduating high school, Elder attended
Johnson C. Smith University for a year but later transferred to
North Carolina Central University to study nursing. Elder described her experience in North Carolina Central University as "eye-opening," because the university provided opportunities for students to serve their community. == Career ==