The story has been said to describe the
water-holding frog (
Ranoidea platycephala) from central Australia. The frogs burrow underground during dry periods and emerge during the rain to absorb large amounts of water, breed and feed. This allows it to avoid
desiccation during drought, a trait not exhibited by most frogs. They were used by Indigenous Australians during times of drought as a source of water. This story is found in many places around Australia but is often attributed to the
Gunaikurnai people of South
Gippsland,
Victoria and has spread worldwide since first being published. Tiddalik is commemorated in a statue in
Warwick, Queensland. Various versions of the story were recorded by amateur
ethnographers in the late nineteenth century, originating with the Gunaikurnai people near
Port Albert, approximately south-east of
Melbourne. In the original story, Tiddalik formed the area's bays,
estuaries, inlets and islands. The substance of the story has changed over time, with different animals being able to make Tiddalik laugh, and many of the modern versions being dissimilar to those of the nineteenth century. The water-holding frog ascribed in modern times to Tiddalik is not found in the area of the legend's origin. It is likely that Tiddalik either refers to a different frog or is a memory of a time, 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, when the landscape was sufficiently different for the frog's range to extend to the South Gippsland. While the modern story has a happy ending, with water returned for all to use, the original ends in environmental disaster. The flood caused many to drown and others to be stranded on islands. Those stranded were rescued by
Borun the
pelican, with the end of the tale explaining how the pelican's feathers subsequently changed from all-black to a mixture of black and white. ==In popular culture==