He served as the Minister of War from 1906, and he strongly opposed
Yuan Shikai. He also opposed regent
Zaifeng, calling him "incompetent" and wanted
Longyu to serve as regent. During the
Revolution of 1911, when the revolutionaries attacked
Nanjing, Tieliang led his subordinate
Zhang Xun to defend it. After the fall of Nanjing, Tieliang fled to
Shanghai on a
Japanese warship and was dismissed by the
imperial court. After returning to
Beijing, he formed the
Royalist Party with
Zaixun,
Zaitao,
Liangbi and others to oppose the
abdication of the Qing emperor. After the
Republic of China was formed, he moved to the British
Concession in Tianjin. He traveled between
Qingdao,
Dalian,
Japan and other places, planning the restoration of the Qing dynasty with
Shanqi and others. In 1917, his former subordinate Zhang Xun came to Beijing to mediate the dispute between
Duan Qirui and
Li Yuanhong. Tieliang took the opportunity to encourage Zhang Xun to lead his
Queue Army to
restore Puyi. Puyi ascended the throne on July 1, but Zhang was defeated by Duan Qirui only 12 days after the restoration. In 1931, he participated in planning to take Puyi to
Manchukuo. In 1938, Tieliang died of illness at his residence on Gordon Road in the British
Concession in Tianjin. == References ==