In the United States, this provision, as well as the minimum wage, was first instituted by the
Fair Labor Standards Act. The act was passed in 1938, during the Great Depression.
Overtime pay was intended as a penalty or fine upon the employer, not as a bonus to the employee. Hoping to increase employment opportunities, Congress encouraged employers to hire more workers for the same amount of time: it was believed to be better for three workers to work forty hours per week than for two workers to work for sixty hours per week. ==See also==