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TempleOS

TempleOS is a biblical-themed lightweight operating system (OS) designed to be the Third Temple from the Hebrew Bible. It was created by American computer programmer Terry A. Davis, who developed it alone over the course of a decade after a series of manic episodes that he later described as a revelation from God. TempleOS could be considered as an example of coding as an art form, with the nature of his psychological instability and its influence over the project lending to comparisons to similar outsider art.

Background
Terry A. Davis began developing TempleOS circa 1993. One of its early names was the "J Operating System" before renaming it to "LoseThos", a reference to a scene from the 1986 film Platoon. Another name he used was "SparrowOS" before settling on "TempleOS". ==System overview==
System overview
TempleOS is a 64-bit, non-preemptive multitasking, multi-core, public domain, open source, ring-0-only, single address space, non-networked, PC operating system for recreational programming. The OS uses 8-bit ASCII text and includes built-in 2D and 3D graphics libraries, running at 640×480 VGA resolution with 16 colors. According to Davis, many of these specifications—such as the 640×480 resolution, 16-color display and single-voice audio—were directly requested of him by God. He explained that the limited resolution was to make it easier for children to draw illustrations for God. The operating system includes an original flight simulator, compiler, and kernel. One bundled program, "After Egypt", is a game in which the player travels to a burning bush to use a "high-speed stopwatch". The stopwatch is meant to act as an oracle that generates pseudorandom text, something Davis likened to a Ouija board and glossolalia. An example of generated text follows: TempleOS was written in a programming language developed by Davis called "HolyC". Davis ultimately wrote over 100,000 lines of code for the OS. == HolyC ==
HolyC
HolyC (formerly C+), possibly a pun on Holy See, is a middle ground between the C and programming languages with some unique differences, designed by Terry A. Davis specifically for TempleOS. It functions as both a general-purpose language for application development and a scripting language for automating tasks within TempleOS. HolyC is the just-in-time compiled language of TempleOS. It is an imperative, statically typed programming language, although it uses some object-oriented programming paradigms. Syntax and features HolyC shares much of its syntax with C but includes several deliberate differences tailored for its just-in-time compilation and integration with TempleOS. • No main() function is required. Top-level expressions and statements outside of functions are executed sequentially during compilation, allowing HolyC to function as an interactive shell or REPL. • Function addresses for callbacks or pointers require the explicit & operator preceding the function name (for example, &MyFunction). In standard C, a bare function name implicitly decays to a pointer. • No preprocessor directives or #define macros, typedef keyword replaced with a class as a matter of personal preference. • The switch statement supports range cases (e.g., case 0...10:). • All integer types default to 64-bit behavior on access, with explicit casting functions such as ToI64(). • Support for inline x86 assembly blocks and direct hardware/register access, consistent with TempleOS's ring-0 design. • Single compilation unit model with no separate linker: source files use the #include statements in "" form for file-relative modularity. ==Critical reception==
Critical reception
TempleOS received mostly "sympathetic" reviews. Tech journalist David Cassel opined that "programming websites tried to find the necessary patience and understanding to accommodate Davis". == Legacy ==
Legacy
After Davis' death, OSNews editor Thom Holwerda wrote: "Davis was clearly a gifted programmer – writing an entire operating system is no small feat – and it was sad to see him affected by his mental illness". One fan described Davis as a "programming legend", while another, a computer engineer, compared the development of TempleOS to a one-man-built skyscraper. He added that it "actually boggles my mind that one man wrote all that" and that it was "hard for a lay person to understand what a phenomenal achievement" it is to write an entire operating system alone. ==See also==
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