MarketOrders of magnitude (numbers)
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Orders of magnitude (numbers)

This list contains selected positive numbers in increasing order of magnitude, including counts of things, dimensionless quantities, and probabilities. Each number is given a name in the short scale, which is used in English-speaking countries, as well as a name in the long scale, which is used in some of the countries that do not have English as their national language.

Smaller than 10−100 (one googolth)
typing HamletMathematics: The difference between 3 and the next smallest fusible number is less than 1 / (2 \uparrow^9 16). • Mathematics: 2−1541023937 ≈ is the difference between 3 and the next smallest tame fusible number as defined by Erickson et al. (2021). • Mathematics: is the approximate probability that a typing "monkey", or an English-illiterate typing robot, when placed in front of a typewriter with no spaces or punctuation, will type out William Shakespeare's play Hamlet on the first try. • Computing: 2−262378 ≈ is the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by an octuple-precision IEEE floating-point value. • Computing: 2−262142 ≈ is the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by an octuple-precision IEEE floating-point value. • Computing: 1 is the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a quadruple-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. • Computing: 1 is the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a quadruple-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. • Computing: 2−16494 ≈ is the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a quadruple-precision IEEE floating-point value. • Computing: 2−16445 ≈ is the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by an 80-bit x86 double-extended IEEE floating-point value. • Computing: 2−16382 ≈ is the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a quadruple-precision IEEE floating-point value and an 80-bit x86 double-extended IEEE floating-point value. • Computing: 1 is the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a double-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. • Computing: 1 is the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a double-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. • Computing: 2−1074 ≈ is the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a double-precision IEEE floating-point value. • Computing: 2−1022 ≈ is the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a double-precision IEEE floating-point value. • Mathematics: 365!/365^{365} ≈ 1.45 is the probability that in a randomly selected group of 365 people, all of them will have different birthdays. • Computing: is the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a single-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. ==10−100 to 10−30==
10−100 to 10−30
chance of a specific shuffleComputing: 1 is equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a single-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. • Mathematics: ≈ 1.24 is the probability of shuffling a standard 52-card deck in any specific order. • Computing: 2−149 ≈ is the smallest positive non-zero value that can be represented by a single-precision IEEE floating-point value. • Computing: 2−126 ≈ is the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a single-precision IEEE floating-point value. ==10−30==
10−30
(; 1000−10; short scale: one nonillionth; long scale: one quintillionth) ISO: quecto- (q) • Mathematics: 4! \times (13!)^4 / 52! ≈ 4.47 is the approximate probability in a game of bridge of all four players getting a complete suit each. ==10−27==
10−27
(; 1000−9; short scale: one octillionth; long scale: one quadrilliardth) ISO: ronto- (r) ==10−24==
10−24
(; 1000−8; short scale: one septillionth; long scale: one quadrillionth) ISO: yocto- (y) ==10−21==
10−21
(; 1000−7; short scale: one sextillionth; long scale: one trilliardth) ISO: zepto- (z) • Mathematics: 1/\binom{80}{20} ≈ 2.83 is the probability of matching 20 numbers for 20 in a game of keno. • Mathematics: 2−63 ≈ 1.08 is the odds of a perfect bracket in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament if coin flips of 50/50 are used to predict the winners of the 63 matches. ==10−18==
10−18
(; 1000−6; short scale: one quintillionth; long scale: one trillionth) ISO: atto- (a) • Mathematics: 36−10 ≈ is the probability of rolling snake eyes 10 times in a row on a pair of fair dice. ==10−15==
10−15
(; 1000−5; short scale: one quadrillionth; long scale: one billiardth) ISO: femto- (f) • Mathematics: The Ramanujan constant, e^{\pi\sqrt{163}} = 262\,537\,412\,640\,768\,743.999\,999\,999\,999\,25\ldots, is an almost integer, differing from the nearest integer by approximately . ==10−12==
10−12
(; 1000−4; short scale: one trillionth; long scale: one billionth) ISO: pico- (p) • Mathematics: is the approximate probability in a game of bridge of one player getting a complete suit. • Biology: Human visual sensitivity to 1000 nm light is approximately of its peak sensitivity at 555 nm. ==10−9==
10−9
(; 1000−3; short scale: one billionth; long scale: one milliardth) ISO: nano- (n) • Mathematics – Lottery: The odds of winning the Grand Prize (matching all 6 numbers) in the US Powerball lottery, with a single ticket, under the rules , are 292,201,338 to 1 against, for a probability of (). • Mathematics – Lottery: The odds of winning the Grand Prize (matching all 6 numbers) in the Australian Powerball lottery, with a single ticket, under the rules , are 134,490,400 to 1 against, for a probability of (). • Mathematics – Lottery: The odds of winning the Jackpot (matching the 6 main numbers) in the current 59-ball UK National Lottery Lotto, with a single ticket, under the rules , are 45,057,474 to 1 against, for a probability of (). • Computing: 2−24 ≈ is the smallest positive non-zero value that can be represented by a half-precision IEEE floating-point value. • Mathematics – Lottery: The odds of winning the Jackpot (matching the 6 main numbers) in the former 49-ball UK National Lottery, with a single ticket, were 13,983,815 to 1 against, for a probability of (). ==10−6==
10−6
(; 1000−2; long and short scales: one millionth) ISO: micro- (μ) hands • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt a royal flush in poker are approximately 649,739 to 1 against, for a probability of 1.5 (0.0015%). • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt a straight flush (other than a royal flush) in poker are approximately 72,192 to 1 against, for a probability of 1.4 (0.014%). • Computing: 2−14 ≈ 6.104 is approximately equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a half-precision IEEE floating-point value. • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt a four of a kind in poker are approximately 4,164 to 1 against, for a probability of 2.4 (0.024%). ==10−3==
10−3
(0.001; 1000−1; one thousandth) ISO: milli- (m) • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt a full house in poker are 693 to 1 against, for a probability of 1.4 × 10−3 (0.14%). • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt a flush in poker are 507.8 to 1 against, for a probability of 1.9 × 10−3 (0.19%). • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt a straight in poker are 253.8 to 1 against, for a probability of 4 × 10−3 (0.39%). • Physics: α = is the fine-structure constant ==10−2==
10−2
(0.01; one hundredth) ISO: centi- (c) • Mathematics – Lottery: The odds of winning any prize in the UK National Lottery, with a single ticket, under the rules as of 2003, are 54 to 1 against, for a probability of about 0.018 (1.8%). • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt a three of a kind in poker are 46 to 1 against, for a probability of 0.021 (2.1%). • Mathematics – Lottery: The odds of winning any prize in the Powerball, with a single ticket, under the rules as of 2015, are 24.87 to 1 against, for a probability of 0.0402 (4.02%). • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt two pair in poker are 21 to 1 against, for a probability of 0.048 (4.8%). ==10−1==
10−1
(0.1; one tenth) ISO: deci- (d) • Legal history: 10% was widespread as the tax raised for income or produce in the ancient and medieval period; see tithe. • Mathematics: ≈ 0.333333333, which is the first Repeating number with method (1/n). • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt only one pair in poker are about 5 to 2 against (2.37 to 1), for a probability of 0.42 (42%). • Mathematics – Poker: The odds of being dealt no pair in poker are nearly 1 to 2, for a probability of 0.5 (50%). • Mathematics: Natural logarithm of 2| ≈ 0.693147181 ==100==
100
(1; one) • Demography: The population of Monowi, an incorporated village in Nebraska, United States, was one in 2010. • Religion: One is the number of gods in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam (monotheistic religions). • Computing – Unicode: One character is assigned to the Lisu Supplement Unicode block, the fewest of any public-use Unicode block as of Unicode 15.0 (2022). • Mathematics: 1 is the only natural number (not including 0) that is not prime or composite. • Computing: 1.0000000000000000000000000000000001926 is equal to the smallest value greater than one that can be represented in the IEEE quadruple-precision floating-point format. • Computing: 1.0000000000000002 is approximately equal to the smallest value greater than one that can be represented in the IEEE double precision floating-point format. • Mathematics: Cube root of 2| ≈ , the length of a side of a cube with a volume of 2. • Mathematics: If the Riemann hypothesis is true, Mills' constant is approximately 1.3063778838630806904686144926... . • Mathematics: Square root of 2| ≈ , the ratio of the diagonal of a square to its side length. • Mathematics: \sqrt[3]{4} ≈ 1.587 401 051 968 2, the length of a cube with a volume of 4. • Mathematics: φ ≈ , the golden ratio. • Mathematics: Square root of 3| ≈ , the ratio of the diagonal of a unit cube. • Mathematics: the number system understood by most computers, the binary system, uses 2 digits: 0 and 1. • Mathematics: √4 = 2, the ratio of a Diagonal of a Unit tesseract. • Mathematics: Square root of 5| ≈ 2.236 067 9775, the correspondent to the diagonal of a rectangle whose side lengths are 1 and 2. • Mathematics: + 1 ≈ , the silver ratio; the ratio of the smaller of the two quantities to the larger quantity is the same as the ratio of the larger quantity to the sum of the smaller quantity and twice the larger quantity. • Mathematics: e ≈ , the base of the natural logarithm. • Mathematics: the number system understood by ternary computers, the ternary system, uses 3 digits: 0, 1, and 2. • Religion: Three persons of God in the Christian Trinity. • Mathematics: π ≈ , the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. • Religion: the Four Noble Truths in Buddhism. • Human scale: There are five digits on a human hand, and five toes on a human foot. • Mathematics: 6 is the smallest perfect number. • Mathematics: 𝜏 ≈ , the ratio of a circle's circumference to its radius. • Biology: 7 ± 2, in cognitive science, George A. Miller's estimate of the number of objects that can be simultaneously held in human working memory. • Music: 7 notes in a major or minor scale. • Astronomy: 8 planets in the Solar System: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. • Biology – Spider anatomy: Eight jointed legs of a spider. • Religion: the Noble Eightfold Path in Buddhism. • Literature: 9 circles of Hell in the Inferno by Dante Alighieri. • Mathematics: 9 is the first odd number that is composite. ==101==
101
on two human hands (10; ten) ISO: deca- (da) • Demography: The population of Pesnopoy, a village in Bulgaria, was 10 in 2007. • Human scale: There are 10 digits on a pair of human hands, and 10 toes on a pair of human feet. • Mathematics: The decimal system has 10 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. • Religion: the Ten Commandments in the Abrahamic religions. • Mathematics: 11 is the first prime exponent that does not yield a Mersenne prime. • Music: There are 12 notes in the chromatic scale. • Astrology: There are 12 zodiac signs, each one representing part of the annual path of the sun's movement across the night sky. • Computing – Microsoft Windows: Twelve successive consumer versions of Windows NT have been released as of December 2021. • Culture: 13 is considered an "unlucky" number in Western superstition. • Music: Composers Ludwig van Beethoven and Dmitri Shostakovich both completed and numbered 15 string quartets in their lifetimes. • Linguistics: The Finnish language has 15 noun cases. • Mathematics: The hexadecimal system, a common number system used in computer programming, uses 16 digits where the last 6 are typically represented by letters: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F. • Computing – Unicode: The minimum possible size of a Unicode block is 16 contiguous code points (i.e., U+abcde0 - U+abcdeF). • Computing – UTF-16/Unicode: There are 17 addressable planes in UTF-16, and, thus, as Unicode is limited to the UTF-16 code space, 17 valid planes in Unicode. • Science fiction: The 23 enigma plays a prominent role in the plot of The Illuminatus! Trilogy by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson. • Mathematics: e ≈ 23.140692633 • Music: There is a combined total of 24 major and minor keys, also the number of works in some musical cycles of J. S. Bach, Frédéric Chopin, Alexander Scriabin, and Dmitri Shostakovich. • Alphabetic writing: There are 26 letters in the Latin-derived English alphabet (excluding letters found only in foreign loanwords). • Mathematics: 28 is the second perfect number. • Mathematics: 30 is the smallest sphenic number. • Mathematics: 36 is the smallest number which is a perfect power but not a prime power. • History: 39 is considered unlucky in Afghanistan, due to the belief that it is associated with pimps. See Curse of 39. • Science fiction: The number 42, in by Douglas Adams, is the Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything which is calculated by an enormous supercomputer over a period of 7.5 million years. • Biology: A human cell typically contains 46 chromosomes. • Phonology: There are 47 phonemes in English phonology in Received Pronunciation. • Syllabic writing: There are 49 letters in each of the two kana syllabaries (hiragana and katakana) used to represent Japanese (not counting letters representing sound patterns that have never occurred in Japanese). • Geography – United States: There are 50 U.S. states. • Chess: Either player in a chess game can claim a draw if 50 consecutive moves are made by each side without any captures or pawn moves. • Culture: 69 is a slang term for reciprocal oral sex. • Mathematics: 70 is the smallest weird number. • Mathematics: 72 is the smallest Achilles number. • Demography: The population of Nassau Island, part of the Cook Islands, was around 78 in 2016. • Syllabic writing: There are 85 letters in the modern version of the Cherokee syllabary. • Music: Typically, there are 88 keys on a grand piano. • Computing – ASCII: There are 95 printable characters in the ASCII character set. ==102==
102
characters (100; hundred) ISO: hecto- (h) • European history: Groupings of 100 homesteads were a common administrative unit in Northern Europe and Great Britain (see Hundred (county division)). • Music: There are 104 numbered symphonies of Franz Josef Haydn. • Religion: 108 is a sacred number in Hinduism. • Chemistry: 118 chemical elements have been discovered or synthesized as of 2016. • Computing – Computational limit of an 8-bit CPU: 127 is equal to 27−1, and as such is the largest number which can fit into a signed (two's complement) 8-bit integer on a computer. • Computing – ASCII: There are 128 characters in the ASCII character set, including nonprintable control characters. • Videogames: There are 151 Pokémon in the first generation. • Phonology: The Taa language is estimated to have between 130 and 164 distinct phonemes. • Political science: There were 193 member states of the United Nations as of 2011. • Mathematics: 200 is the smallest base 10 unprimeable number – it cannot be turned into a prime number by changing just one of its digits to any other digit. • Computing: A GIF image (or an 8-bit image) supports maximum 256 (28) colors. • Mathematics: 257 is the fourth Fermat prime. • Computing – Unicode: There are 327 different Unicode blocks as of Unicode 15.0 (2022). • Mathematics: 383 is the third Woodall prime. • Computing – HTTP: 404 is the HTTP status code for Not Found. • Culture: 420 is a code-term that refers to the consumption of cannabis. • Mathematics: 496 is the third perfect number. • Mathematics: 563 is the largest known Wilson prime. • Aviation: 583 people died in the 1977 Tenerife airport disaster, the deadliest accident in the history of civil aviation. • Music: The largest number (626) in the Köchel catalogue of works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. • Religion: 666 is the number of the beast from the Book of Revelation. • Demography: Vatican City, the least populous independent country, has an approximate population of 800 as of 2018. • Communications: 911 is the emergency telephone number for the United States and Canada. ==103==
103
(precise size varies) (; thousand) ISO: kilo- (k) • Scale: 1,000 – the scale factor of most metric prefixes. • Computing: 1,024 – the number of bytes in a kibibyte, and bits in a kibibit. • Videogames: There are 1,025 Pokémon up to the ninth and latest generation. • Mathematics: 1,093 is the smallest Wieferich prime. • Demography: The population of Ascension Island is 1,122. • Music: 1,128: number of known extant works by Johann Sebastian Bach recognized in the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis as of 2017. • Mathematics: 1,729 is the first nontrivial taxicab number, expressed as the sum of two cubic numbers in two different ways. It is known as the Ramanujan number or Hardy–Ramanujan number after G. H. Hardy and Srinivasa Ramanujan. • Typesetting: 2,000–3,000 letters on a typical typed page of text. • Mathematics: is the smallest composite Mersenne number with prime exponent n. • Mathematics: 211 = 2,048 is the largest known power of two with all even digits. • Mathematics: 2,520 (5×7×8×9 or 23×32×5×7) is the least common multiple of every positive integer under (and including) 10. • Demographics – Wealth: There are 2,781 billionaires worldwide . • Terrorism: 2,996 persons (including 19 terrorists) died in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. • Biology: the DNA of the simplest viruses has 3,000 base pairs. • Mathematics: 3,511 is the largest known Wieferich prime. • Military history: 4,200 (Republic) or 5,200 (Empire) was the standard size of a Roman legion. • Linguistics: Estimates for the linguistic diversity of living human languages or dialects range between 5,000 and 10,000. (SIL Ethnologue in 2009 listed 6,909 known living languages.) • Mathematics: 7! = 5,040 is the largest factorial that is also a highly composite number. • Culture: 5,040 is mentioned by Plato in the Laws as one of the most important numbers for the city. • Astronomy – Catalogues: There are 7,840 deep-sky objects in the NGC Catalogue from 1888. • Mathematics: 8,128 is the fourth perfect number. • Mathematics: 213 − 1 = 8,191 is the fifth Mersenne prime. • Lexicography: 8,674 unique words in the Hebrew Bible. ==104==
104
(; ten thousand or a myriad) • Biology: Each neuron in the human brain is estimated to connect to 10,000 others. • Demography: The population of Tuvalu was 10,645 in 2017. • Lexicography: 14,500 unique English words occur in the King James Version of the Bible. • Mathematics: 15,511 is the third Motzkin prime. • Zoology: There are approximately 17,500 distinct butterfly species known. • Language: There are 20,000–40,000 distinct Chinese characters in more than occasional use. • Biology: Each human being is estimated to have 20,000 coding genes. • Grammar: Each regular verb in Cherokee can have 21,262 inflected forms. • War: 22,717 Union and Confederate soldiers were killed, wounded, or missing in the Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest single day of battle in American history. • Computing – Computational limit of a 16-bit CPU: 32,767 is equal to 215−1, and as such is the largest number which can fit into a signed (two's complement) 16-bit integer on a computer. • Mathematics: There are 41,472 possible permutations of the Gear Cube. • Computing – Unicode: 42,720 characters are encoded in CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B, the most of any single public-use Unicode block as of Unicode 15.0 (2022). • Aviation: , 44,000+ airframes have been built of the Cessna 172, the most-produced aircraft in history. • Computing: 65,504 is equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE half precision floating-point format. • Computing - Fonts: The maximum possible number of glyphs in a TrueType or OpenType font is 65,535 (216-1), the largest number representable by the 16-bit unsigned integer used to record the total number of glyphs in the font. • Computing – Unicode: A plane contains 65,536 (216) code points; this is also the maximum size of a Unicode block, and the total number of code points available in the obsolete UCS-2 encoding. • Mathematics: 65,537 is the fifth and largest known Fermat prime. • Memory: , the largest number of decimal places of π that have been recited from memory is 70,030. • Mathematics: 82,000 is the only known number greater than 1 that can be written in bases from 2 through 5 using only 0s and 1s. • Mathematics: 87,360 is the fourth unitary perfect number. ==105==
105
(; one hundred thousand or a lakh). • Biology – Strands of hair on a head: The average human head has about 100,000–150,000 strands of hair. • Literature: approximately 100,000 verses (shlokas) in the Mahabharata. • Demography: The population of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines was 109,991 in 2012. • Mathematics: 217 − 1 = 131,071 is the sixth Mersenne prime. It is the largest nth Mersenne prime with n digits. • Mathematics: There are 138,240 possible combinations on the Skewb Diamond. • Computing – Unicode: 149,186 characters (including control characters) encoded in Unicode as of version 15.0 (2022). • Literature: 267,000 words in James Joyce's Ulysses. • Computing – Unicode: 293,168 code points assigned to a Unicode block as of Unicode 15.0. • Genocide: 300,000 people killed in the Nanjing Massacre. • Language – English words: The New Oxford Dictionary of English contains about 360,000 definitions for English words. • Mathematics: 380,000 – The approximate number of entries in The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences . • Biology – Plants: There are approximately 390,000 distinct plant species known, of which approximately 20% (or 78,000) are at risk of extinction. • Biology – Flowers: There are approximately 400,000 distinct flower species on Earth. • Mathematics: 219 − 1 = 524,287 is the seventh Mersenne prime. • Literature: 564,000 words in War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy. • Literature: 930,000 words in the King James Version of the Bible. • Mathematics: There are 933,120 possible combinations on the Pyraminx. • Computing – Unicode: There are 974,530 publicly-assignable code points (i.e., not surrogates, private-use code points, or noncharacters) in Unicode. ==106==
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