Anticholinergics Anticholinergic drugs and
deliriants: •
Atropine,
racemic hyoscyamine, from the deadly nightshade (
Atropa belladonna) •
Hyoscyamine, the
levo-
isomer of atropine, from henbane (
Hyoscyamus niger), mandrake (
Mandragora officinarum) and the sorcerers' tree (
Latua pubiflora). •
Scopolamine, from henbane and
Datura species (Jimson weed) All three
acetylcholine-inhibiting chemicals can also be found in the leaves, stems, and flowers in varying, unknown amounts in
Brugmansia (angel trumpets), a relative of
Datura. The same is also true of many other plants belonging to subfamily
Solanoideae of the
Solanaceae, the alkaloids being concentrated particularly in the leaves and seeds. However, the concentration of alkaloids can vary greatly, even from leaf to leaf and seed to seed.
Stimulants Stimulants and cocaine-related alkaloids: •
Cocaine, from coca plant (
Erythroxylum coca) •
Ecgonine, a precursor and metabolite of cocaine •
Benzoylecgonine, a metabolite of cocaine •
Hydroxytropacocaine, from coca plant (
Erythroxylum coca) •
Methylecgonine cinnamate, from coca plant (
Erythroxylum coca)
Others •
Catuabines, found in
catuaba, an infusion or dry extract made from
Erythroxylum vaccinifolium •
Scopine Synthetic analogs of tropane alkaloids also exist, such as the
phenyltropanes. They are not considered to be alkaloids per definition. ==Biosynthesis==