The suborder Tyranni is divided into two
infraorders: the Eurylaimides and the Tyrannides. The New Zealand wrens in the family
Acanthisittidae are placed in a separate suborder Acanthisitti. The phylogenetic relationships of the 16 families in the Tyranni suborder is shown below. The cladogram is based on a large molecular genetic study by Carl Oliveros and collaborators published in 2019: }} The Eurylaimides contain the
Old World suboscines – mainly distributed in tropical regions around the
Indian Ocean – and a single
American species, the
sapayoa: •
Tyrannoidea •
Pipridae: manakins •
Cotingidae: cotingas •
Tityridae: tityras, sharpbill, becards (includes
Oxyruncus and
Onychorhynchus) •
Tyrannidae: tyrant-flycatchers (includes
Piprites,
Platyrinchus,
Tachuris and
Rhynchocyclus) •
Conophagoidea •
Melanopareiidae: crescent chests •
Conopophagidae: gnateaters and gnatpittas •
Thamnophilidae: antbirds •
Furnarioidea •
Grallariidae: antpittas •
Rhinocryptidae: tapaculos •
Formicariidae: antthrushes •
Furnariidae: ovenbirds and woodcreepers (includes Dendrocolaptidae) This group has been separated into three
parvorders by Sibley & Ahlquist. However, DNA:DNA hybridization did not reliably resolve the suboscine
phylogeny. It was eventually determined that there was a simple
dichotomy between the antbirds and allies (tracheophones), and the tyrant-flycatchers and allies. Given that the "parvorder" arrangement originally advanced is obsolete (see e.g. Irestedt
et al. 2002 for tracheophone phylogeny) — more so if the Eurylaimides are elevated to a distinct suborder — it is better to rank the clades as
superfamilies or, if the broadbill group is considered a separate suborder, as infraorders. In the former case, the name Furnarioidea would be available for the tracheophones, whereas "Tyrannoidea", the "bronchophone" equivalent, has not yet been formally defined. In the latter case, the tracheophones would be classified as "Furnariides", while the Tyrannides would be restricted to the tyrant-flycatchers and other "bronchophone" families. The tracheophones contain the Furnariidae, Thamnophilidae, Formicariidae (probably including most tapaculos), and Conopophagidae. The tyrant-flycatcher clade includes the namesake family, the Tityridae, the Cotingidae, and the Pipridae. ==References==