On 27 October 1917, the
Bolsheviks gained power in
Izhevsk and established a territorial government. The First Congress resolved to join the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in June 1918. In April 1919, Udmurtia was seized by
Alexander Kolchak. The
Red Army removed Kolchak from power 2 months later, in June 1919. In 1920, the Central Executive Committee and the
Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR established the Votskaya Autonomous Region. In 1932, the Votskaya Autonomous Region was renamed the Udmurt Autonomous Region. On 27 February 1921 the first Regional Communist Conference declared the territory to be an autonomous region. Under the
five-year plans from 1929 to 1940, Udmurtia became industrialised. By 1940, literature and professional art grew, and educational and scientific institutions were created. In March 1937 the Second Congress ratified the Udmurt constitution. During
World War II, the workers of Udmurtia produced weapons for the
Red Army. Udmurtia produced 11,000,000
rifles and
carbines in the war, surpassing
Germany's industry output. Industrial factories were evacuated from
Ukraine to Udmurtia, thus increasing the ethnic
Russian population and stimulating economic growth. In 1969, oil plants were established in Udmurtia. ==See also==