Under the Spreading Chestnut Tree is a set of variations, with fugue, for orchestra composed in 1939 by Jaromír Weinberger. It premiered under the direction of Sir John Barbirolli in New York City on October 12, 1939. The work is based on an English popular song of the period, which Weinberger is said to have mistaken for a folk song, and opens with the theme presented without preliminaries. Seven variations follow:Her Majesty's Virginal The Madrigalists The Dark Lady The Highlanders Pastorale Mr. Weller, Senior, Discusses Widows With His Son, Samuel Weller, Esquire Sarabande