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Universal Camouflage Pattern

The Universal Camouflage Pattern (UCP) is a digital camouflage pattern formerly used by the United States Army in their Army Combat Uniform.

Selection
From May 2001 to June 2004, Development In 2002, three patterns were developed, called All-Over Brush, Track, and Shadowline. For each pattern, there were four color combinations, which corresponded to a specific type of terrain, however, all four patterns used tan as their base color. For the remainder of the phases, production printing with regular dyes and mechanical rollers were used. Following phase I testing, the Shadowline pattern was eliminated, along with the urban and desert-urban color ways of All-Over Brush. All four of the Track patterns were accepted along with All-Over Brush's woodland and desert colorways. Phases II and III In 2003, the patterns were then modified and tested alongside a "Contractor-Developed Mod" pattern, Scorpion, developed in conjunction with Crye Precision. Phase II's near-infrared nighttime testing determined that black, medium gray, and medium tan were the only colors that gave acceptable performance. Phase IV In 2004, all four remaining patterns, Desert Brush, Woodland Track Mod, Scorpion Mod, and Urban Track were then tested alongside each other in two sets of evaluations in woodland, desert, and urban environments. Full Future Force Warrior ensembles were fabricated for testing. Results The Desert Brush design received the best overall mean daytime visual rating. The Scorpion pattern received highest rating in woodland environments, but lower ratings in desert and urban environments. Urban Track was generally the 3rd or 4th ranked performer at each site, but was the best performer in nighttime environments. Infrared testing showed negligible differences in the performance of the four patterns. Natick rated the patterns from best to worst as: Desert Brush, Woodland Track Mod, Contractor-Developed Mod (Scorpion), and Urban Track. ==Color selection==
Color selection
The color scheme of the UCP is composed of tan, gray, and sage green (officially named Desert Sand 500, Urban Gray 501, and Foliage Green 502). The pattern is notable for its elimination of the color black. Justification given for the omission of black was that black is a color not commonly found in nature. Pure black viewed through night vision goggles can appear extremely dark and create an undesirable high-contrast image. ==Controversy==
Controversy
, Afghanistan The U.S. Army incorrectly reported to the media that the basis for the UCP was the Urban Track pattern, which had been modified through the removal of black from the pattern and pixelated and then reverted in the interest of effectiveness. Following building criticism of the poor effectiveness of the pattern in most terrains in the Afghan and Middle Eastern theaters of operations, the use of the pattern was discussed within the U.S. Congress. A bill passed by Congress in 2009 ordered the Department of Defense to "take immediate action to provide combat uniforms to personnel deployed to Afghanistan with a camouflage pattern that is suited to the environment of Afghanistan." which had been created by Crye Associates and was based on their original Scorpion pattern from 2002. MultiCam was quickly selected and issued to all troops deployed to Afghanistan. ==Replacement==
Replacement
In 2014, the United States Army announced the replacement of UCP. On 31 July 2014, the Army formally announced that a modified version of the original Scorpion pattern, Scorpion W2, had been chosen as the new Operational Camouflage Pattern (OCP), which would begin being issued on uniforms in summer 2015. Authorization of UCP uniforms ended on 1 October 2019, though still sees some limited usage on other gear such as some body armor and cold weather overgear. As the Army began phasing out UCP, many state defense forces began adopting it as their uniform. ==Users==
Users
Current • : Used by Taliban and Afghan military forces after being captured from Republic of Afghanistan troops. • : Used by Cypriot special forces. • : Used by Counter-Terrorism Center operators. • : Used for urban operations only by MARCOS commandos and Paras. The Indian Air Force adopted a similar pattern in 2022. • : UCP clones used by the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy Marine Command and some Basiji special operations forces. • : Used by almost all branches of the Kazakh ground forces. Their version of UCP is similar to UCP-D but with a light green inlay instead of a brown one. Called "KazTcifra" it makes not just an interesting blend for the wearer but also actually manages to fit the terrain well. • : Lebanese Marine Commandos use both local copies and surplus UCP ACU uniforms from U.S. Army. • : Supplied and used by the Special Task and Rescue unit. • : Used by the Sinaloa State Police's Special Anti-Kidnapping Unit. • : Used by the Montenegrin Special Anti-Terrorist Unit. • : Known to be used by operators of the Posebna Jedinica Policije. • : Used by the Rapid Deployment Unit. • : Used by Paraguayan National Police's Grupo Lince unit with dark colored palettes. • Also used by the Gendarmery. • • veteran wearing UCP at the March of Ukraine's Defenders on Independence Day in Kyiv, 2019: Used by some units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine from special forces to airborne units. • : Used by multiple State Defense Forces. Former • : Was worn by KATUSA units. • : Former standard-issued camouflage of the U.S. Army from 2005 to 2019. • : Vests, webbing, gear and helmet covers remain in use for training reserves. • : Utilized helmet covers, vests, armor, webbing and gear from U.S. Army to collaborate with former Airman Battle Uniform. • : Uniforms and equipment utilized by Navy individual augmentees attached with Army units. • U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management: Used by members of the Federal Protective Forces == See also ==
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