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Upfield line

The Upfield line is a commuter railway line in the city of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Operated by Metro Trains Melbourne, it is the city's fifth-shortest metropolitan railway line at 20.1 kilometres (12.5 mi). The line runs from Flinders Street station in central Melbourne to Upfield station in the north, serving 19 stations via North Melbourne, Brunswick, Coburg, and Fawkner.

History
19th century The first part of the Upfield line from North Melbourne to Coburg was opened by the Governor of Victoria Henry Loch in September 1884, and cost £53,000. Duplication of the line followed, starting with North Melbourne to Royal Park in September 1888, then Royal Park to South Brunswick (now Jewell) in May 1889, Brunswick to Coburg in December 1891, and South Brunswick to Brunswick in August 1892. In October 1889, the line was extended from Coburg to connect to the North East line at Somerton. 20th century Coburg - Somerton closure and reopening to Fawkner (1900–1928) The line from Coburg to Somerton closed in July 1903, but was reopened as far as Fawkner three years later in December 1906. Normal passenger services were re-extended to Fawkner in 1914, and the line was electrified in December 1920. Fawkner - Somerton railmotor ("The Beetle") (1928 - 1956) , 1953|leftIn March 1928, despite strong resistance from the Railways Commissioners, the state government ordered the reopening of the section from Fawkner to Somerton for passengers. An extremely basic passenger service was provided by an AEC railmotor, which connected with electric trains at Fawkner and was nicknamed "the Beetle". Stations were reinstated at Campbellfield and North Campbellfield, equipped with low-level platforms and basic waiting sheds. In May 1956, the line from Fawkner to Somerton was closed for the second time. Reopening to Somerton and electrification to Upfield (1959–1970) Three years after the railmotor service to Somerton was withdrawn in 1959, the line from Fawkner to Somerton reopened again for goods trains and the electrification and suburban service was extended from Fawkner to Upfield to cater for workers at the new Ford automotive factory In June 1961, that arrangement was extended to apply for the whole of Sunday and, in October 1961, it was further extended to include services after 7:30pm between Mondays and Saturdays. In October 1968, electric staff safeworking was introduced on the Upfield to Somerton section. In April 1972, the Macaulay to Royal Park section was similarly converted. After discussions with local councils, unions, the public, and the Metropolitan Transit Authority, two options were floated. These options included: • The conversion of the entire line, or part of the line to light rail • The closure of large amounts of the line and instead running the light rail via Sydney Road and Kelvin Thomson. These proposals were put to rest in April 1995, when it was announced that $23 million would be spent upgrading the line.. 21st century During the 2006 Commonwealth Games, Royal Park station played a critical role in the running of the games, as it was centrally located to the athletes village and the State Netball and Hockey Centre. The line and station became heavily utilised during the games, with increased security and staff presence at the station. == Future ==
Future
Level Crossing Removals was rebuilt in conjunction with the removal of 4 crossings. In 2017, a level crossing was removed at Camp Road, Campbellfield by lowering the rail line underneath the road. The rail line was elevated from Coburg to Moreland stations in 2020 to remove four level crossings. Crossings were removed at Bell Street, Moreland Road, Munro Street, and Reynard Street, with both Coburg and Moreland stations rebuilt as part of these removals. Eight further level crossings between Anstey and Royal Park stations are planned to be removed by 2030, at Albert Street, Albion Street, Brunswick Road, Dawson Street, Hope Street, Union Street, Victoria Street, and Park Street. At the end of these removals, the Upfield line will have 10 remaining crossings not slated for removal. As part of this project, Jewell, Brunswick and Anstey stations are set to be closed and replaced by two new stations: the new northern station is currently planned to be located near Hope Street, approximately 200 metres south of the current Anstey station, and the new southern station is planned to be located between Union Street and Dawson Street, approximately 200 metres north of the current Jewell station. Both stations will be approximately 450 metres away from the current Brunswick station. The decision to build two stations in different locations instead of rebuilding all three generated criticism from residents and the local council. Local newspaper Brunswick Voice reported that the Minister for Transport Infrastructure, Danny Pearson, claimed "the decision to build two stations followed 18 months of technical and engineering assessments which found fewer stations would boost capacity on the line in the future and deliver more open space", noting that "[the government claimed] the plan would also minimise the impact to heritage in the area, but [the politician] provided no detail about whether the three station buildings and the historic boom gate operators' cabins would be preserved". Reopening to Somerton & Wallan extension Highlighted in the 2018 Victorian Rail Plan, a proposal exists to reopen the line from Upfield to Somerton, along with electrification and extension of suburban services to Wallan. The 2018 Victorian Rail Plan has proposed the following projects take place as part of the Wallan extension: In 2018, the government announced that a business case would be completed to further investigate the possibility for these series of projects to commence. == Network and operations ==
Network and operations
Services Services on the Upfield line operates from approximately 5:00 am to around 12:00 daily. The Upfield line has one of the least-frequent peak-period services in Melbourne's railway network due to the single track between Gowrie and Upfield. This results in peak train frequencies being every 15–20 minutes, while outside the peak the frequency is reduced to 20–30 minutes throughout the entire route. On Wednesdays, some Upfield line services terminate at Batman, operating as limited-stop trains via Flinders Street, Southern Cross, North Melbourne, Royal Park and Coburg, and return to the city via the City Loop. Train services on the Upfield line are also subjected to maintenance and renewal works, usually on selected Fridays and Saturdays. Shuttle bus services are provided throughout the duration of works for affected commuters. Stopping patterns Legend — Station status • ◼ Premium Station – Station staffed from first to last train • ◻ Host Station – Usually staffed during morning peak, however this can vary for different stations on the network. Legend — Stopping patternsSome services do not operate via the City Loop • ● – All trains stop • ◐ – Some services do not stop • ▲ - Only inbound trains stop • ▼ - Only outbound trains stop • | – Trains pass and do not stop Operators The Upfield line has had a total of 7 operators since its opening in 1884. The majority of operations throughout its history have been government run: from its first service in 1884 until the 1999 privatisation of Melbourne's rail network, four different government operators have run the line. These operators, Victorian Railways, the Metropolitan Transit Authority, the Public Transport Corporation, and Bayside Trains have a combined operational length of 121 years. Bayside Trains was privatised in August 1999 and later rebranded as M>Train. In 2002, M>Train was placed into receivership and the state government regained ownership of the line, with KPMG appointed as receivers to operate M>Train on behalf of the state government. Two years later, rival train operator Connex Melbourne took over the M>Train operations including the Frankston line. Metro Trains Melbourne, the current private operator, then took over the operations in 2009. The private operators have had a combined operational period of years. Route • Coburg to Somerton on • Fawkner to Somerton on }} • Coburg to Fawkner (Cemetery traffic only) on • Coburg to Fawkner on • Fawkner to Somerton on • Upfield to Somerton on • Fawkner to Upfield on }} • Flinders Street to North Melbourne on • North Melbourne to Fawkner on • Fawkner to Upfield on }} • Victorian Railways (VR) (1884–1974) • VR as VicRail (1974–1983) • MTA (The Met) (1983–1989) • PTC (The Met) (1989–1997) • VicTrack (1997–Current) }} • Six tracks: Flinders Street to North Melbourne • Double track: North Melbourne to Gowrie • Single track: Gowrie to Somerton }} }} The Upfield line forms a linear route from the Melbourne central business district to its terminus in Upfield. The route is long, making it the fifth shortest line on the Melbourne metropolitan network. Exiting the city, the Upfield line traverses mainly flat country with few curves and fairly minimal earthworks for most of the line. Some sections of the line have been elevated or lowered into a cutting to eliminate level crossings. Despite some removals, there are a number of level crossings still present with no current plans to remove them. Rare in Melbourne, the line travels underneath the CityLink tollway beside the Moonee Ponds Creek for a portion of the line, before rising up a lengthy hill and winding through Royal Park until it reaches Jewell railway station. Notably, the line has one of the lowest proportion of premium stations amongst Melbourne's railway lines, with only three stations past the North Melbourne junction classified as premium stations. == Infrastructure ==
Infrastructure
Rolling stock The Upfield line uses two different types of electric multiple unit (EMU) trains that are operated in a split six-car configuration. The rarer rolling stock featured on the line is the Comeng EMUs, built by Commonwealth Engineering between 1981 and 1988. These train sets are the oldest on the Melbourne rail network and subsequently are planned to be replaced by 2026. The more common of rolling stock is the Siemens Nexas EMUs which are widely featured on the line, originally built between 2002 and 2005 these train sets feature more modern technology than the Comeng trains. Alongside the passenger trains, Upfield line tracks and equipment are maintained by a fleet of engineering trains. The four types of engineering trains are: the shunting train; designed for moving trains along non-electrified corridors and for transporting other maintenance locomotives, for track evaluation; designed for evaluating track and its condition, the overhead inspection train; designed for overhead wiring inspection, and the infrastructure evaluation carriage designed for general infrastructure evaluation. Most of these trains are repurposed locomotives previously used by V/Line, Metro Trains, and the Southern Shorthaul Railroad. • Modernised doors to reduce the boarding times at stations to under 40 seconds • Passenger information systems to display that train's journey in real time • Higher energy efficiency to work with a lower network voltage, to fit in line with modern rail systems overseas • New interior designs including tip-up seating to allow space for wheelchair spaces. • Designated bicycle storage areas • Passenger operated automatic wheelchair ramps located behind driver cabs • 6 car fully walk through carriages Accessibility In compliance with the Disability Discrimination Act of 1992, all stations that are new-built or rebuilt are fully accessible and comply with these guidelines. The majority of the stations on the corridor are fully accessible, however, there are some stations that haven't been upgraded to meet these guidelines. These stations do feature ramps, however, they have a gradient greater than 1 in 14. Projects improving station accessibility have included the Level Crossing Removal Project, which involves station rebuilds and upgrades, and individual station upgrade projects. More than 90% of Upfield line stations are now classed as fully accessible. Future station upgrade projects are planned to increase the number of fully accessible stations over time. Signalling The Upfield line uses three-position signalling which is widely used across the Melbourne train network. Three-position signalling was first introduced in 1928, with the final section of the line converted to the new type of signalling in 1972. ==References==
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