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Urban refugee

An urban refugee is a refugee who decided or was obliged to settle in an urban area rather than in a refugee camp in the country or territory where the person fled to. More than 60% of the world's refugee population and 80% of internally displaced persons (IDP) under UNHCR mandate live in urban environments. In 2009, their number was around 5.5 million people. "Urban refugee" is not a recognized legal term in the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. However, the UNHCR has adopted a 'Policy on Refugee Protection and Solutions in Urban Areas' in 2009.

Reasons for living in urban areas
Reasons for living in urban settings rather than in refugee camps could be specific medical care needs that cannot be provided for in camps, poor and uncertain conditions in camps, or higher than average educational achievements and aspirations, as camps do not provide many higher education opportunities. There is insufficient physical and material security in some camps. Certain groups of refugees, such as LGBTI refugees and women at high risk of gender-based violence, especially cannot be sufficiently protected from other refugees in the camps. Or it could simply be the fact that the state or territory where refugees fled to does not run refugee camps (e.g. Syria or Egypt). Some refugees leave camps in search of better economic opportunities in urban centres and to avoid being dependent on aid rations. Some even move back and forth between urban centres and refugee camps to get the best of both. A disadvantage is that the UNHCR and other aid agencies cannot legally protect and support refugees dispersed in urban settings as much as in camps. ==Notable urban refugee settlements==
Notable urban refugee settlements
Amman, Jordan: 162,061 • Bangui, Central African Republic: 496,731 • Baku, Azerbaijan: 203,906 (also see sudanese refugees in Egypt) • Cape Town, South Africa • Damascus, Syria: the majority of a total of around 63,000 Iraqi refugees in Syria (also see Iraqis in Syria) • Kampala, Uganda: over 57,000 refugees and asylum seekers • Kandahar and Kabul, Afghanistan: 55,000 each • Kathmandu, Nepal: 500 Rohingya and Sri Lankan refugees as well as Ahmadiyyas from Pakistan • Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: 62,200 ==Urban refugees by country and population size==
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