A ureterosigmoidostomy is a surgical procedure wherein the ureters, which carry urine from the kidneys, are diverted into the sigmoid colon. It is performed as a secondary treatment in bladder cancer patients who have undergone cystectomy. Rarely, the cancer can present in children between the ages of 2 & 10 years old as an aggressive rhabdomyosarcoma, although there have been diagnoses of children as young as 3 months old. The procedure was also used several decades ago as a correctional procedure for patients born with bladder exstrophy. In the case of some bladder exstrophy patients, occasional bowel incontinence at night is one uncontrollable consequence.