Urinary tract infection

) as seen from a person with sepsis due to a urinary tract infection. The most common symptoms of a UTI are burning with urination and having to urinate frequently (or an urge to urinate) in the absence of vaginal discharge and significant pain. Children In young children, the only symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI) may be a fever. Elderly Urinary tract symptoms are frequently lacking in the elderly. Some present to a health care provider with sepsis, an infection of the blood, as the first symptoms. It is reasonable to obtain a urine culture in those with signs of systemic infection that may be unable to report urinary symptoms, such as when advanced dementia is present. Systemic signs of infection include a fever or increase in temperature of more than from usual, chills, and an increased white blood cell count. ==Cause==

cells adhered to bladder epithelial cell Pathogenic E. coli from the gut is the cause of 75% of uncomplicated UTIs, and 65% of complicated UTIs. Rarely they may be due to viral or fungal infections. Healthcare-associated urinary tract infections (mostly related to urinary catheterization) involve a much broader range of pathogens including: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis. These species can form biofilms and colonise catheters. These infections are usually classified as a urethritis rather than urinary tract infection. Intercourse In young sexually active women, sexual activity is the cause of 75–90% of bladder infections, with the risk of infection related to the frequency of sex. Condom use without spermicide or use of birth control pills does not increase the risk of uncomplicated urinary tract infection. Anal intercourse may increase the risk of UTI in men and in women if followed by vaginal sex. Although sex is a risk factor, UTIs are not classified as sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Sex Women are more prone to UTIs than men because, in females, the urethra is much shorter and closer to the anus. As a woman's estrogen levels decrease with menopause, her risk of urinary tract infections increases due to the loss of protective vaginal flora. Chronic prostatitis in the forms of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and chronic bacterial prostatitis (not acute bacterial prostatitis or asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis) may cause recurrent urinary tract infections in males.