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Glossary of sound laws in the Indo-European languages

The Indo-European language family comprises a vast number of languages and dialects spoken throughout the world today. All of these languages are descended from a common ancestor known as Proto-Indo-European, which scholars estimate was spoken about six thousand years ago. This common ancestor has been reconstructed by historical linguists using the comparative method. Although there is disagreement about the historical relationship of these languages to each other, this glossary uses the neo-traditional model of Indo-European phylogeny which states that the main branches of the family are Albanian, Anatolian, Armenian, Balto-Slavic, Celtic, Germanic, Hellenic, Indo-Iranian, Italic, and Tocharian.

Proto-Indo-European or multiple branches
from around Pontic–Caspian steppe likely spread the Indo-European languages through parts of Europe and Asia during the 3rd millenium BC, which supports the steppe hypothesis in the Proto-Indo-European homeland debate. |alt=A map of Europe, Africa, and Asia contrasting the Indo-European homeland and the current dispersal of modern languages in differing shades of green ==Albanian==
Balto-Slavic
Baltic –language Basel Epigram is thought to be the oldest surviving work in any Baltic language. Slavic from the Monastery of St. Jovan Bigorski written in Old Church Slavonic, a liturgical Slavic language used in Eastern Christianity ==Celtic==
Celtic
sung in Irish, a Celtic language descended from Old Irish ==Germanic==
Indo-Iranian
, an Indo-Iranian language ==Italic==
Italic
is a golden brooch which contains an inscription considered to be the oldest surviving example of Old Latin, dated to the first half of the 7th century BC. ==Tocharian==
Tocharian
written in Tocharian B, dated to the 7th or 8th century AD ==See also==
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