1947–1963 The league was formed as
Landesliga Niedersachsen in 1947, operating with four divisions in variable strength, all up with 42 clubs. The four regional divisions were named after the capital city of the district, being
Hanover,
Hildesheim,
Braunschweig and
Osnabrück. Additionally, some clubs from Lower Saxony also played in the
Amateurliga Bremen, a trend that continues to a lesser degree even today. The state of Lower Saxony had only recently then been formed in the
British occupation zone and the status of the
Free Hanseatic City of Bremen as an independent German state had not been fully confirmed yet. From the start, the
Landesliga Niedersachsen was a feeder league to the
Oberliga Nord which its champion had the option of promotion to. Promotion had to be achieved through a play-off with teams from the
Amateurligen of
Bremen,
Hamburg and
Schleswig-Holstein. As such, the league was the second tier of the northern German league system. In 1949, the four
Landesligen were disbanded in favor of the two new
Amateuroberligen, the
Amateuroberliga Niedersachsen-West and the
Amateuroberliga Niedersachsen-Ost. The western division started with sixteen, the eastern with eighteen clubs. The majority of clubs previously playing in the Bremen leagues also returned to the Lower Saxony league system. Below the
Amateuroberligen, eight
Amateurligen were established. This system remained as such unchanged until 1964. The two leagues continued to exchange clubs to balance out promotion and relegation but did not play out a Niedersachsen champion as such since promotion was decided between these two leagues and the other three northern German leagues. Especially the clubs from
Hanover were frequently transferred between divisions. After the first couple of seasons went with ever-changing club numbers in the two leagues, reaching a peak of twenty, by 1954 both leagues had arrived at sixteen clubs each, which they maintained for most of the coming seasons.
1963–1974 In 1963, with the introduction of the
Bundesliga, the disbanding of the
Oberliga Nord and the formation of the
Regionalliga Nord, the leagues fell to tier three, but initially remained unchanged otherwise. The champions of the Niedersachsen leagues continued to have to play-off for promotion, now to the
Regionalliga, with the same opposition as before. The year 1964 saw the creation of a single-division highest league for Niedersachsen. Eight clubs from the western group, seven from the eastern group, one team from the
Regionalliga and two promoted teams made up the new
Amateurliga Niedersachsen. Promotion however still had to be achieved through a promotion round with the other northern German champions. Below the
Amateurliga, four new
Verbandsligen were established,
North,
South,
East and
West, with their champions directly promoted and four clubs relegated from the eighteen-team
Amateurliga. The late 1960s and early 1970s saw the oddity of fourth and fifth placed teams being promoted. The reasons for this were the fact that Lower Saxony, as the strongest association in northern Germany was permitted to send more than one team to the promotion round and the high finishes of reserve teams of the likes of
Hannover 96,
Arminia Hannover and
Eintracht Braunschweig in the league, which were ineligible to enter the promotion rounds. The league strength for most of these season stood at sixteen clubs.
1974–1994 After the 1973–74 season, the
Regionalliga Nord was disbanded in favor of the
2nd Bundesliga Nord. The new
Oberliga Nord was now introduced in northern Germany, as the third tier of the league system, below the
2nd Bundesliga. This meant for the
Amateurliga a slip to tier four. The top three teams of the league were however promoted to the new
Oberliga and the
Amateurliga was renamed
Landesliga Niedersachsen. The system for promotion from the
Landesliga remained mostly unchanged and the league continued to operate on sixteen clubs. For the first time, reserve teams were also eligible for promotion from the Niedersachsen league and
Eintracht Braunschweig II became the first team to do so in 1975. In 1979, the league changed its name once more, now becoming the
Verbandsliga Niedersachsen, but remaining unchanged otherwise.
1994–2008 In 1994, the
Regionalliga Nord was re-established, now as the third tier of the league system. The
Oberliga Nord was in turn replaced by two parallel
Oberligen,
Niedersachsen/Bremen and
Hamburg/Schleswig-Holstein. For the
Verbandsliga Niedersachsen, this meant a further slip, now to tier five, and a split to two separate divisions again, but also, for the first time in its history, direct promotion for the league champions. While the first and third placed team from the 1993-94 season gained entry to the new
Regionalliga, the other twelve clubs of the top-fourteen were promoted to the
Oberliga Niedersachsen/Bremen. Only the bottom five teams of the field of nineteen of that season actually remained in the
Verbandsligen. The first season of the new separated leagues saw a strong imbalance of clubs,
West operated on sixteen,
East on twenty-one teams. The year after, both run on a strength of sixteen. The 1999–2000 season saw another league system change with the reduction of numbers of
Regionalligen, this however had only one effect on the
Verbandsligen, no direct promotion was available this year. In 2004, it was decided to restore the
Oberliga Nord in favor of the two separate
Oberligen.
2008–2010 At the end of the 2007–08 season, the new
3. Liga was established and the
Oberliga Nord disbanded, again. The four northern German states were then the only region without an
Oberliga and the five
Verbandsligen sat right below the
Regionalliga Nord, parallel to the two
NOFV-Oberligas. At the end of the 2007-08 season, the five winners of the northern
Verbandsligen played with the sixth placed team from the
Oberliga Nord for one last spot in the
Regionalliga. In the following seasons, promotion for the
Niedersachsenliga winners was only available through a decider between the two champions. These two teams competed for one promotion spot to the
Regionalliga. The
Niedersachsen-Liga however maintained their status as tier five leagues and accordingly was renamed
Oberliga Niedersachsen.
2010 onwards The 2009–10 season functioned as a qualifying stage for the new single-division
Niedersachsenliga, which kick-off in 2010. While the Lower Saxony champion was promoted to the Regionalliga, as in the previous season, the other fifteen teams placed one to eight in the two leagues were directly qualify for the new league. The four teams placed ninth and tenth took part in a qualifying round with the four
Bezirksoberliga champions. In two groups of four, the top-two of each group also qualified for the new league. The teams placed eleventh or lower in the
Oberligen in 2009–10 were automatically relegated. The new single-division
Niedersachsenliga consisted of 20 clubs in its first season and then 18 thereafter, also fluctuation due to relegation/promotion to and from the Regionalliga are possible. At the end of the 2011–12 season, the top four clubs, being the
Goslarer SC,
BV Cloppenburg,
VfB Oldenburg and
BSV Schwarz-Weiß Rehden, were directly promoted to the Regionalliga Nord while the sixth placed club,
SV Holthausen/Biene, unsuccessfully entered a promotion playoff with the runners-up from the
Oberliga Hamburg and
Schleswig-Holstein-Liga. Fifth placed
VfL Osnabrück II was ineligible for promotion to the Regionalliga as it is the reserve side of a 3. Liga team. ==Position of the Oberliga Niedersachsen in the league system==