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Victory Tour (The Jacksons)

The Victory Tour was a concert tour by the Jacksons, from July to December 1984. It was the only tour with all six Jackson brothers, although Jackie was injured for some of it. The group performed 55 concerts to an audience of approximately 2.5 million. Of the 55 locations performed at, 53 were large stadiums. Most came to see Michael, whose album Thriller was dominating the music world at the time. Many regard it as a tour for Thriller, with most of the songs on the set list coming from Michael's albums Thriller and Off the Wall. The tour reportedly grossed approximately $75 million and set a new record for the highest-grossing tour. It showcased Michael's single decorated glove, black sequined jacket, and moonwalk. The tour was choreographed by Paula Abdul, and promoted by Don King. Although it was billed as a "world tour", all shows were staged in the United States and Canada.

Background
In November 1983, the Jacksons announced plans for a major tour in 1984 at a press conference, with boxing promoter Don King offering $3 million ($ million in dollars) in upfront advances. That spring, the Victory album had been recorded, to be released shortly before the tour itself. At the time the tour was announced, the Jacksons had not lined up a promoter for the shows. In the spring of 1984, Chuck Sullivan, son of Billy Sullivan, owner of the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL), went to Los Angeles to see if he could get the Jacksons to choose the team's home, Foxboro Stadium, which the family also owned, for the group's Boston-area shows. After using his financial and legal expertise to help his father regain control of the team he had founded and built in the wake of a 1974 boardroom coup, the younger Sullivan, who had promoted concerts as an undergraduate at Boston College and during his United States Army service in Thailand, had begun staging concerts at the stadium to generate extra income for the team. The set list included songs from the Jacksons' albums Destiny and Triumph. Despite the name of the tour, the Victory album was not represented. There were also songs on the list from Jermaine's and Michael's solo careers. Songs from Michael's albums Off the Wall and Thriller were both represented. The set list did not include "Thriller" itself because Michael did not like the way the song sounded live, but it was later performed regularly during Michael's solo tours. "State of Shock" was also rehearsed during a soundcheck but was never performed (although a snippet of Michael's vocal can be heard in leaked footage of the concert in Toronto). Jermaine sometimes performed the song "Dynamite" during his solo segment in place of the usual "You Like Me, Don't You?". ==Planning and organization==
Planning and organization
At a meeting, Frank DiLeo, a vice president of the Jacksons' label, Epic Records, told Sullivan that the group's talks with its original promoter had broken down and they were seeking a replacement. Sensing an opportunity, Sullivan returned to Boston and began putting together the financing to allow Stadium Management Corp. (SMC), the Patriots' subsidiary that operated Foxboro Stadium, to promote the entire Victory Tour. Initially he partnered with Eddie DeBartolo, then-owner of another NFL team, the San Francisco 49ers, in putting together a bid offering the Jacksons two-thirds of the tour's gross revenue against a guaranteed $40 million ($ million in modern dollars). Sullivan was particularly humiliated when the board of selectmen in Foxboro, Massachusetts, where his family's team and stadium were located, uncharacteristically denied a permit for the concert, citing "the unknown element". This was not only a major personal embarrassment for Sullivan, but also a crippling financial blow as it denied the family the use of the only facility where they would have kept all of the revenue from sources such as concessions and parking. News writers suggested in retrospect that the board's decision was racially motivated. It was also stated that there had been continuing security concerns about the stadium during Patriots' games and previous concerts, but the board had never denied permits on that basis before. ==Ticket controversy and other business issues==
Ticket controversy and other business issues
King, Sullivan and the Jacksons' father, Joe Jackson (who no longer managed any of his sons by that point), came up with a way to generate additional revenue from ticket sales. Those wishing to attend would have to send a postal money order for $120 ($ in dollars) along with a special form to a lottery to buy blocks of four tickets at $30 apiece (US$ in dollars), ostensibly to curtail scalpers. Upon receipt the money was to be deposited into a standard money market account earning 7% annual interest; it would take six to eight weeks for the lottery to be held and money to be refunded to the unsuccessful purchasers. Since only one in ten purchasers would win the lottery and receive tickets, there would be more money in the bank for that time period than there were tickets to sell, and they expected to earn $10–12 million in interest. The ticket price remained unchanged and at a press conference, King justified the $30 price as appropriate and that he did not blame the promoters for charging that price, adding that "you must understand, you get what you pay for." Financial difficulties The tour sold what was then a record number of tickets despite the high price. The opening shows were widely covered in the national media and sold out. "Anybody who sees this show will be a better person for years to come", King told the media before the first date in Kansas City. "Michael Jackson has transcended all earthly bounds. Every race, color and creed is waiting for this tour." the shows were failing to sell out. Dates planned for Pittsburgh were cancelled; extra shows in Chicago made up the difference. By early October, the time of the shows in Toronto's Exhibition Stadium, a total of 50,000 tickets had gone unsold, so Sullivan renegotiated again, getting the Jacksons to agree to revenues based on actual sales. Things got worse as the tour reached its final leg on the West Coast. In late November, the shows at Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe, Arizona, were canceled. Officially the reason was that Jermaine was too sick with the flu to perform, but there was some speculation that slow ticket sales played a role as well. Sullivan was so short of cash he stopped payment on a $1.9 million check to the group after the Vancouver dates. Immediately afterwards, he suffered a minor heart attack and left the hospital early to renegotiate with the Jacksons again, claiming losses of $5–6 million. By this time the parties were no longer meeting in person. The Jacksons agreed to waive the stopped payment in return for a greater share of revenue from the six final shows at Dodger Stadium. Sullivan's estimated profit was down to half a million dollars. The Jacksons and King had made money even though Sullivan had not, and near the end of the tour they began making plans for a European leg, as well as an Australian leg. When word reached Michael, he let them know through his representatives that he would not take part. At the rain-soaked tour finale at Dodger Stadium, after six sold out shows, Michael announced at the end of the show that this would be the last time they would all perform together, much to his brothers' surprise. As a result, the plans to go to Europe and Australia were ended. ==Aftermath==
Aftermath
Michael's announcement generated some backlash from his brothers. King stated: Michael was so upset when he learned of King's remarks that he called his lawyer John Branca and demanded to “sue his ass”. Branca calmed him down and persuaded him to drop the idea. He had also received an $18 million advance ($ million in dollars) from Sullivan for a Michael Jackson designer jeans brand, few of which were ever produced and sold before Sullivan had to stop production. Kraft has a Victory Tour poster in his office as a reminder of how he was able to realize his lifelong dream of owning the Patriots. ==Legacy==
Legacy
Aside from a few months in mid-1975 and Michael's 30th Anniversary Celebration concert in 2001, the Victory Tour was one of the very few times that all six Jackson brothers worked together at the same time as a band. Jackie missed most of the tour because of a leg injury, which was described at the time as a knee injury incurred during strenuous rehearsals. Margaret Maldonado, the mother of two of Jermaine's children, has alleged that Jackie in fact broke his leg in an automobile accident: his first wife Enid deliberately ran him over in a parking lot after catching him with Paula Abdul. Jackie would, however, eventually recover and was able to rejoin his brothers on stage for the last portion of the tour. Michael sang all the lead vocals, except for a trio of Jermaine's solo hits. Eddie Van Halen made a special guest appearance at the July 13 show in Irving, Texas, playing the guitar solo on "Beat It". Shortly after the tour ended and the announcement that it was the group's final tour, Michael returned to his solo career and Marlon left the group to start a solo career of his own. ==Set list==
Set list
Tour dates
The tour dates are adapted from both The Jacksons: Legacy and ''Michael Jackson FAQ: All That's Left to Know About the King of Pop'', although there are sources that state the first Montreal show took place on September 16, 1984. == Known planned shows ==
Personnel
PerformersMichael Jackson: vocalsRandy Jackson: vocals, percussion, keyboards • Jermaine Jackson: vocals; bassTito Jackson: vocals; guitar • Marlon Jackson: vocals; percussion • Jackie Jackson: vocals; percussion (First performance during the Quebec concerts.) • Keyboards: Rory Kaplan, Pat Leonard and Jai Winding • Guitar: David Williams and Gregg Wright • Drums: Jonathan Moffett Credits • Tour Coordinator and Co-Producer with the Jacksons: Larry Larson • Assistant Coordinator: Marla Winston • Production Manager: Peyton Wilson • Production Assistants: Marcene (Peterson) O'Bryen & Machan (Margret) Taylor • Assistant Production Managers: Gary Bouchard and Debbie Lyons • Stage Manager: Mike Hirsh • Assistant Stage Manager: Pee Wee Jackson • Production Consultant: Ken Graham • Site Coordinators: John "Bugzee" Hougdahl, Jose Ward • Stage Construction and Engineering: Plainview, Inc. – John McGraw • Robotic Lighting: Design – Michael Jackson • Eidophor Video Projection: M.B. Productions, Inc. • Design execution and manufacturing: Applied Entertainment Systems • Lighting Company: TASCO, MORPHEUS LIGHTS INC. • Sound Company: Clair Brothers Audio • House Mixers: ML Procise and Mike Stahl • Monitor engineer: Rick Coberly • Laser Effects: Showlasers, Inc., Dallas, Texas • Laser Special Effects Operator: Michael Moorhead • Laser Technician: Steve Glasow • Musicians Costumes Design: Enid Jackson • Magical Illusions: Franz Harary • Tour Photographer: Harrison Funk • Video Director: Sandy Fullerton • Jackson Crew Sportswear: Nike • Community Affairs: Harold Preston • Consultant to Community Affairs: Cynthia Wilson • Pyrotechnics Director: John Watkins == See also ==
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