Before he became head manager of BATE, Hancharenka was assistant manager at FC BATE under coaches
Yuri Puntus and
Igor Kriushenko. In 2007 Viktar become a head coach of BATE and won the national championship (2008, 2009, 2010). Under Hancharenka's leadership, BATE in 2008 became the first club from Belarus to qualify for the lucrative group stages of the
UEFA Champions League and in 2009–2010 of the
UEFA Europa League. In 2011 Hancharenka and his BATE defeated
AZ 4–1 in the group stage of the UEFA Europa League and this allowed the team to advance to the 1/16 stages of the UEFA Europa League Cup. In August 2011 Hancharenka led his club into the group stage of the Champions League again.
Kuban Krasnodar On 12 October 2013, Hancharenka was appointed as manager of
Russian Premier League side
Kuban Krasnodar. Leaving the club by mutual consent on 13 November 2014.
Ural Hancharenka was appointed as manager of
Ural Sverdlovsk Oblast on 14 June 2015. After only 6 games in charge, on 25 August 2015, it was reported that Hancharenka had left Ural, and that he wouldn't take charge of the clubs week 7 fixture on 28 August 2015 against
Terek Grozny. Subsequently, Hancharenka's contract being terminated by mutual consent on 1 September 2015.
Ufa On 6 June 2016, Hancharenka was appointed as manager of
FC Ufa. On 12 December 2016, he left Ufa by mutual consent.
CSKA Moscow On 12 December 2016, Hancharenka was announced as the new manager of
CSKA Moscow, on a two-year contract. Under his management, CSKA won the
2018 Russian Super Cup. In the
2018–19 UEFA Champions League group stage, CSKA defeated the title holders
Real Madrid twice, including a 3–0 victory away at
Santiago Bernabéu, but remained last in the group as they only gained 1 point in 4 remaining group games. On 20 May 2020, Goncharenko extended his contract with CSKA until the summer of 2021. On 22 March 2021, Goncharenko left his role as head coach of CSKA Moscow by mutual consent.
Krasnodar On 6 April 2021, he signed a contract with
FC Krasnodar until the end of the 2022–23 season. On 5 January 2022, Krasnodar announced that Goncharenko had been sacked as head coach of the club.
Return to Ural On 15 August 2022, Goncharenko returned to
FC Ural Yekaterinburg. He was dismissed on 30 May 2024 after Ural lost the first leg of the relegation play-offs.
Pari NN On 9 October 2024, Goncharenko was hired by
Russian Premier League club
FC Pari Nizhny Novgorod. Goncharenko was dismissed by Pari Nizhny Novgorod on 11 June 2025. ==Managerial statistics==