Chance Vought years 1917–1928 In 1917, the Lewis and Vought Corporation was founded by Lewis, an early aviator, and Vought, a former chief engineer of the
Wright Company. They sought to take advantage of the growing field of military and civilian aviation after
World War I. Operations began in
Astoria, New York; in 1919, they moved to
Long Island City, New York. After Lewis retired in 1922, it was renamed the Chance Vought Corporation. Vought made history in 1922 when the
Vought VE-7 trainer made the first takeoff from the deck of the
USS Langley, the first American aircraft carrier. Later came the VE-11 naval fighter and the
Vought O2U Corsair, the first of the Corsair aircraft. In 1928, the company was acquired by the
United Aircraft and Transport Corporation, but stayed its own separate division among the lines of
Pratt & Whitney and
Boeing. Vought died from
sepsis in 1930, having seen his company produce a variety of
fighters,
trainers,
flying boats, and
surveillance aircraft for the
United States Navy and the
United States Army Air Service.
1930s–1960 Despite the
Great Depression, Vought continued to design and manufacture aircraft at a growing pace. Soon after Chance Vought's death in 1930, the company moved its operations to
East Hartford, Connecticut. Under the
Air Mail Act of 1934, United Aircraft and Transportation Corp. was forced by law to divide its businesses, resulting in Boeing Aircraft,
United Airlines, and the United Aircraft Corp, of which Vought was a part. In 1939, United Aircraft moved Vought to
Stratford, Connecticut, where it merged with the
Sikorsky division to become Vought-Sikorsky Aircraft. Chief engineer
Rex Beisel began in 1938 to develop the XF4U, recognized by its distinctive
inverted gull wings. After its first flight, in 1940, thousands of
F4U Corsairs were produced for the Navy and Marines in
World War II. By the end of its production in 1952, Vought,
Goodyear, and
Brewster had all produced the Corsair fighters. Vought was reestablished as a separate division in United Aircraft in 1942. In postwar 1949, Vought moved operations to the former
North American Aviation "B" plant in
Dallas, Texas. The move was pushed by the Navy, who believed that having both of its main aircraft suppliers on the East Coast was an unnecessary risk. Vought moved 27 million pounds of equipment and 1,300 employees in 14 months, a record-breaking industrial move at the time. In 1954, the company separated from United Aircraft and became the independent Chance Vought Aircraft Inc. Vought began making its
F-8 Crusader for the Navy in 1957; it was one of the Navy's first
supersonic fighters and its last all-gun fighter. The same basic design was later heavily revised and shortened to produce Vought's
A-7 Corsair II, a carrier-borne close-air-support and attack plane. Entering service in 1965, the Corsair II was heavily engaged in a close support and strike missions during the
Vietnam War, beginning in 1967. The A-7 also participated in the U.S. invasion of Grenada in 1983; a punitive raid on Syrian missile sites in 1983; reprisal raids against Libya during
Operation El Dorado Canyon in 1986; strikes against Iranian coastal platforms and naval forces during
Operation Praying Mantis in 1988; support of the 1989 invasion of Panama; and throughout operations during
Desert Storm in 1991. The A-7A, A-7B, A-7C and A-7E served with the US Navy while the A-7D was purchased by the US Air Force and Air National Guard. Two-seat models known as TA-7C/Es served with the U.S. Navy while the US Air Force purchased the TA-7K. The A-7 served in limited numbers with three foreign air forces, including Greece (
A-7H/TA-7H), Portugal (
A-7P/TA-7P) and Thailand (ex-USN A-7E/TA-7E).
LTV acquisition 1960–1990 in 1983 In 1962, Vought was bought by
James Ling, who formed a conglomerate dubbed Ling-Temco-Vought (LTV). Vought Aeronautics and Vought Missiles and Space continued to develop and produce for the Air Force and Navy under the umbrella of LTV Aerospace. The first of two decades of reorganizations began in 1972 with the creation of Vought Systems by the merging of the Vought Missiles and Space and Aeronautics divisions. All of LTV Aerospace was renamed the Vought Corporation in 1976, but by 1983 the Vought company was again split along aeronautic and missile lines under LTV Aerospace and Defense. By the early 1980s, LTV was struggling, and Vought laid off many employees. In 1992, LTV sold Vought to
Northrop and the
Carlyle Group, each owning roughly half of the company. It sold the missile division to the
Loral Corporation, part of
Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control.
1990s to present Northrop Grumman, the successor to
Northrop and
Grumman, bought the Carlyle Group's Vought interest for $130 million in 1994. In 2000, Carlyle Group established Vought Aircraft Industries, Inc. It is primarily an
aerostructures subcontractor. Vought is heavily involved in the
Boeing 747,
Boeing 787 aircraft as well as supplying parts for the
F-22 Raptor and
F-35 Lightning II and the
V-22 Osprey. In July 2003, the Aerostructures Corp., owned by the Carlyle Group and based in
Nashville, Tennessee, merged with Vought. Vought's Nashville site supplies wing components for
Airbus A319,
A320,
A330, and
A340.
Boeing announced in July 2009 that it had agreed to acquire the North Charleston, South Carolina, facility of Vought Aircraft Industries, where Vought builds sections 47 and 48 of the aft fuselage for Boeing's 787 Dreamliner. Boeing agreed to pay $580 million for the facility. In June 2010, the Carlyle Group sold Vought to the
Triumph Group, an aerospace component manufacturer. The Vought acquisitions now operate as Triumph Aerostructures - Vought Aircraft Division. The Dallas/Grand Prairie facility was closed; operations moved to a new facility in
Red Oak, Texas. ==Products==