In 1837, Barrow served a term in the
Tennessee House of Representatives. From December 28, 1841 to February 24, 1844, he served as the
U.S. Minister to Portugal. He
edited the
Nashville Republican Banner in 1845-1847. Barrow was elected as a
Whig to the
Thirtieth Congress, but he was not a candidate for renomination to the
Thirty-first Congress in 1848. He served from March 4, 1847 to March 3, 1849. Returning home in 1849, Barrow was a delegate to the Nashville Convention of 1850. He worked as a businessman and founded and served as the first president of the
Nashville Gas Light Company. Barrow and his son, John C. Barrow, purchased 112 slaves and a plantation in
Maringouin, Louisiana on January 18, 1853, from the heirs of
Jesse Batey. Some of those slaves were previously part of the group sold in 1838 by the Maryland Province of the
Society of Jesus. Barrow sold the slaves and the plantation to William Patrick and Joseph B. Woolfolk in 1856. ==Civil War==