Willem was born in
Amsterdam. He joined the Dutch navy at a young age and had risen to the rank of
captain by 1652. He took part in the
First Anglo-Dutch War from 1652–1654, fighting in the
Battle of Dungeness on the
Prinses Aemilia, and on the
Campen (after the previous captain, his brother Joris van der Zaan, had been killed in the
Battle of Portland; in the same battle his other brother, Huybrecht van der Zaan, was killed also) in the
Battle of the Gabbard and the
Battle of Scheveningen. In 1655 he was made a full captain. In 1656 he commands the
Zuyderhuys, having on board his nephew, the son of Huybrecht, Cornelis van der Zaan, later a captain also. In 1657 he participated in an action in the Mediterranean under Vice-Admiral
Michiel de Ruyter, during which he captured the French warship
Chasseur, caught while illegally privateering, causing much embarrassment to the French government that had given secret orders to do so.
Cardinal Mazarin summoned the Dutch ambassador to ask for excuses, who then lost his temper and left the court in a fury after telling the cardinal, the most powerful man of France, in his face that he was no better than a common pirate. The
States-General showed their opinion on this by awarding Van der Zaan a golden honorary chain. In 1658 he fought against Sweden in the
Battle of the Sound, again participating in actions in the Baltic in 1659 and 1660, as captain of the
Huys Tijdverdrijf. In 1661, as captain of the
Middelburg, he is again with De Ruyter in the Mediterranean. When the Dutch fleet is challenged by the Bey of Algiers, Suleiman Basha Reis, to provide a champion for a ship duel, De Ruyter chooses Van der Zaan as such; but the Algerian champion didn't show up. That year Van der Zaan received another golden chain for capturing a corsair liberating 36 Christian slaves; in 1663 a third one having taken a privateer with 21 Christian slaves on board. He participated, as captain of '
t Geloof, in Vice-Admiral
Michiel de Ruyter's punitive action against the British in West-Africa and America in 1664 and 1665. Late 1664 he was appointed a temporary
Rear-Admiral with the Admiralty of Amsterdam. On return in August 1665 he was given his fourth golden chain, a record. The
Second Anglo-Dutch War had then already begun and Van der Zaan was made captain of the new
Gouda later in 1665, but he had to give up command for several months because of a depression or "melancholy" as it was then called. In 1666 he recovered and was made captain of the
Beschermer. In the
Four Days Battle fighting under
Cornelis Tromp he captured the
Seven Oaks on the second day but returned with his prize against general orders, for which he was fined 3000
guilders. He fought in the
St James's Day Battle with
Engel de Ruyter, the son of Michiel de Ruyter, as officer on his ship. In 1667 he participated in the
Raid on the Medway, but as part of the covering fleet. On 1 July 1667 he was made a permanent Rear-Admiral. He died during an action against the corsairs of
Algiers on 17 March 1669 off
Cape Tres Forcas, hit in the chest by a one-pound cannonball when boarding the flagship of the Algerian admiral. His death was blamed on insufficient assistance by his subcommanders. He was buried in the
Oude Kerk in Amsterdam, where a grave memorial in the form of an
epitaph was erected, a work by
Rombout Verhulst. Willem married Agatha van der Eyck (1633–1703) in 1654; they had a son, Willem van der Zaan the Younger, who would be a Dutch navy captain. The Rear-Admiral's great-granddaughter, his last surviving descendant the widow Cornelia Agatha van Dam-Gerlings, would in 1798 donate some family heirlooms to the Amsterdam naval training school, among them three of the golden honorary chains, the bullet that killed the admiral, a drawing of the Battle of the Gabbard by
Willem van de Velde the Elder and a painting of him and his wife by
Abraham van den Tempel. Later she would bestow a legacy of 10,000 guilders onto the school with the stipulation that each year the directors would gather with the students below the picture to tell them of Van der Zaan's heroic feats, all present enjoying a glass of wine. This tradition was discontinued when in the 20th century the school's art collection was relocated to the Amsterdam naval museum, the
Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum. ==Naming honors==