William Alexander Percy (politician)

William Alexander Percy was born on May 10, 1834, in Huntsville, Alabama. He was the son of Thomas George Percy (1786–1841) and his wife, Maria (Pope) Percy. After his father's death in 1841, Percy moved along with his widowed mother and his brothers John Walker and Leroy to Washington County, Mississippi, where they reclaimed a tract of land which Percy's father had owned. Percy then attended Princeton University, graduating with a B.A. in 1853. He then attended the University of Virginia School of Law, graduating around 1855. == Military career ==

At the start of the U.S. Civil War, Percy joined the Confederate Army as a captain in the 22nd Mississippi Infantry Regiment. His company was the first to leave Washington County. In 1862, he became an assistant adjutant and inspector general on the staff of General John S. Bowen. Percy was captured when Vicksburg was besieged in July 1863. On October 8, 1863, Percy returned east, and became an assistant adjutant general to General Armistead Lindsay Long, the chief of the Army of Northern Virginia's 2nd Artillery Corps. In June 1864, Percy was appointed to the staff of Thomas Henry Carter and remained there until November, when he returned to Long's staff. At the end of 1864, Percy returned west as a lieutenant colonel in the 24th Mississippi Cavalry Battalion. He reached the rank of Colonel by the time of the Confederates' surrender. == Political career ==

After the end of the Civil War, Percy bought a house in Greenville and returned to his law practice. As the South was now in the Reconstruction period, Percy, a Democrat, dedicated himself to restoring the planters' authority, viewing the free, voting, landowning blacks as a "social, political, and economic threat". In 1873, he established a "taxpayers' convention", a coalition of white landowners, to remove Republicans from power. He was re-elected to the 1878–1880 term, and was the House's Speaker during that term. Percy was a delegate to the 1884 Democratic National Convention. == Later life ==

After the end of Percy's speakership, Percy retired from politics and invariably refused to hold another higher office. He focused on his law practice and also served on the Levee Board. After retiring from politics, Percy advocated for increased railroads as well as sturdier levees. Percy died on January 19, 1888, aged 53 years. == Personal life ==

Percy married Nancy Irving Armstrong on February 23, 1858. They had five children: Fannie, who died in 1882; William A., a lawyer in Memphis, Tennessee; LeRoy, a U.S. Senator; Walker, a lawyer in Birmingham, Alabama; and Lady, who married Charles McKinney. == References ==