Henry Pelham, Prime Minister between 1743 and 1754, hired William Kent to design the house located at 22 Arlington Street in two phases. The original construction began simultaneously with his elevation as prime minister and continued even after the 1748 death of the architect Kent. When Kent died, the work was completed by Stephen Wright. In the 18th century, Arlington Street was not only fashionable but was known as the 'ministerial street'. Pelham's neighbours included
Robert Walpole at No. 5,
Lord Tyrconnel, the
Duchess of Norfolk and his enemy
Lord Carteret, later Earl Granville. The decoration and construction of the house was completed in early 1754, but Pelham died suddenly on 6 March 1754. The house was then occupied by
Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Gower, who would later become Marquess of Stafford. Leveson-Gower resided at 22 Arlington while the house he was having built by architect
Sir William Chambers was being completed, and he was followed by another Prime Minister,
Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton. The first owner of the house known in the 19th century was
John Jeffreys Pratt,
Marquess Camden. In the year of his death, 1840, Marquess Camden sold the house to Major
Henry Somerset, 7th Duke of Beaufort, who had served in the
Peninsular War as an aide-de-camp to the
Duke of Wellington. When the Duke of Beaufort bought the house, he renamed the house after his title, and during his residency, it was known as "Beaufort House." He hired architect
Owen Jones, who had studied the
Alhambra, to embellish the interiors and expended enormous sums refurbishing the interior of the house. Beaufort sold the house a year before he died to
William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton. Wimbourne House had been greatly expanded during the 18th and 19th centuries, but most of these additions were removed in the 1970s, and an effort to restore the "Kentian character" of the building was made. In 2000, the architectural firm of Ettwein Bridges Architects was hired to create rooms as function suites for the adjacent Mewès & Davis's
Louis XVI style Ritz Hotel. After extensive study to try to preserve the elements and special characters of both of the heritage sites, an area was identified to connect the two buildings, which was filled with the inner-working machinery of the hotel. The new function suites and machinery plant had to be built and equipped while both the hotel and casino were still operating. Much of the machinery was relocated to the roof, and a new steel structure had to be inserted around existing structures to keep vibrations from the equipment to a minimum. The interior decoration was undertaken by the Parisian interior designer Philippe Belloir who had worked on the
Hôtel Ritz Paris. Drawing inspiration from the existing ceilings, his features include painted faux wood panelling and air conditioning units hidden inside chests of drawers. An inventory and description taken after Pelham's death served as a guide for the restoration. The
grisaille paintings that Kent had fashioned for the Great Room ceiling, and others, have been restored and regilded. Some of the later remodeling attempts have been preserved, like Owen Jones's fish-scale motifs. One hundred years after Ritz originally tried to obtain the house, it officially became part of the Ritz Hotel. ==References==