Xiang falls within the liberal spectrum of Chinese political thinkers. "with charlatans and sycophants running amuck." Xiang is also highly critical of
Montesquieu and his view of democracy, which he sees as racialist and ignorant of China's historical structures of power and governance. Xiang instead advocates a view of democracy informed by
Confucianism and
direct democracy. Xiang is critical of "
Wolf Warrior diplomacy", the moniker given to more aggressive and confrontational diplomatic behavior by the People's Republic of China in the 21st century, which he considers unproductive and the result of influence of
Martin Jacques' book
When China Rules the World. == References ==