According to legend, there was a dragon king in ancient India who flooded the kingdom of Nagah, hiding Buddhist scriptures in his dragon palace. Later, the venerable Arhat who subdued the dragon recovered the scriptures and performed a great feat, hence the name "Subduing the Dragon Arhat". As a disciple of the Buddha, this Arhat possessed immense supernatural powers and performed numerous extraordinary deeds, assisting the Buddha in subduing dragons and demons. Despite 1420 years of cultivation, the Arhat was unable to attain enlightenment. Seeking guidance from the Bodhisattva
Guanyin, he learned that he had seven unfinished earthly lives, so he descended to the mortal realm to save sentient beings and resolve his remaining karma. In the novel
The Adventures of Ji Gong, Ji Gong is the reincarnation of the Subduing the Dragon Arhat. His monastic name is Daoji (1130–1209), also known as Ji Dian. Later, he came to be revered as Ji Gong. Born Li Xiuyuan in Yongning Village, Tiantai County, during the Southern Song dynasty, Ji Gong was a renowned Buddhist monk. With his tattered hat, broken fan, worn-out shoes, and patched robes, he often appeared eccentric. He initially ordained at Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou and later resided at Jingci Temple. Unbound by monastic rules, he had a fondness for wine and meat and behaved in a seemingly mad manner. Yet, beneath his eccentric exterior, he was a learned monk with a deep compassion for others. Known for his extensive knowledge, virtuous deeds, and skill in medicine, he cured countless people of their ailments. Renowned for his courage in righting wrongs, protecting the innocent, and punishing the wicked, Ji Gong left an enduring and unique impression on people's hearts. He is considered the 50th Patriarch of Chan Buddhism and the 6th Patriarch of the Yangqi School. His writings, including the ten-volume
Juanfeng Yulu and numerous poems, are primarily collected in
Jingci Temple Records and
Taishan Fanxiang. ==In popular culture==