Yinshan zhengyao comprises three
juan () or chapters. The first chapter is the shortest and includes biographies of the three mythical rulers
Fuxi,
Huangdi, and
Shennong, alongside four advice columns on topics such as "Food Avoidances during Pregnancy" and "Things to Avoid and Shun when Drinking Liquor". The chapter ends with a list of 95 Middle Eastern recipes, titled "Strange Delicacies of Combined Flavours", almost half of which contain no explicit medicinal value. The dishes discussed range from broths to dumplings. Seventy-two of the recipes call for lamb, the meat of choice for the Mongols. The remaining recipes involve a wide range of meats, including bear, horse, turtle, and wolf, alongside beef, chicken, and pork. The second chapter opens with a list of recipes for 57 beverages and liquid foods, titled "Various Hot Beverages and Concentrates", which concludes with a discussion of different types of water, from
rain to
spring water. The next part of the chapter details the extreme diets of various
supercentenarians, as well as instructions on how to assemble a "heavenly pillow" that can reverse ageing. The chapter ends with a series of food-related medical discussions, including "Food Avoidance when Taking Medicines" and "Foods that Cure Various Illnesses". The final chapter is modelled on Chinese
bencao (
pharmacopoeia). It lists various foods and their medicinal properties, including 46 vegetables, 39 fruits, 35 meats, 28 sea creatures, and 20 types of poultry. For instance, the reader is advised to eat tiger meat to ward off both tigers and illness-causing demons. Written in
Chinese,
Yinshan zhengyao also contains several Arabic, Mongol, and Turkish loan words. In total, the text includes 236 recipes and more than two hundred drawings, some of which are followed by written explanations. One such drawing, found in the second
juan, is captioned "strange transformations in animals" () and depicts a trio of black-and-white coloured goats. The author explains that "if one is not careful about what one eats, it will result in one becoming ill." This is immediately accompanied by a list of animals that should not be consumed, such as a "white horse with green hooves", a "crab with only one claw", or a "sheep with a hole in its liver". ==Publication history==