Yuma first appeared on the 1860 U.S. Census as the village of "Arizonia" (Arizona City) in what was then Arizona County, New Mexico Territory (see
Arizona City (Yuma, Arizona) for details). It returned as Arizona City in 1870 and then became Yuma in 1873. On April 12, 1902, the village of Yuma was incorporated as a town. It formally incorporated as a city on April 7, 1914.
Racial and ethnic composition 2022 American Community Survey American Community Survey estimates, there were people and households. The
population density was . There were housing units at an average density of . The median income for a household was $, with family households having a median income of $ and non-family households $. The
per capita income was $. Out of the people with a determined poverty status, 9.8% were below the
poverty line. Further, 10.5% of minors and 11.6% of seniors were below the poverty line. In the survey, residents self-identified with various ethnic ancestries. People of
English descent made up 5.6% of the population of the town, followed by
German at 5.0%,
American at 3.4%,
Irish at 3.1%,
Sub-Saharan African at 1.4%,
Swedish at 1.4%,
Italian at 1.3%,
French at 0.9%,
Norwegian at 0.7%,
Scottish at 0.6%, and
Scotch-Irish at 0.5%. There were 33,582 households in Yuma, of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 49.0% were married-couple households, 17.2% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 26.7% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
2000 census As of the
2000 census, there were 77,515 people, 26,649 households, and 19,613 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 34,475 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 47.5%
White, 2.9%
Black or
African American, 1.0%
Native American, 1.4%
Asian, 0.1%
Pacific Islander, 0.1% from
other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. 45.7% of the population were
Hispanic or
Latino of any race. There were 26,649 households, out of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were
married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 21.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.27. In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.6% under the age of 18, 11.9% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.2 males. According to the 2006 American Community Survey estimate, the median income for a household in the city was $39,885, and the median income for a family was $41,588. Males had a median income of $35,440 versus $27,035 for females. The
per capita income for the city was $18,393. About 14.1% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the
poverty line, including 23.4% of those under age 18 and 13.9% of those age 65 or over. High unemployment remains an issue in Yuma. Citing April 2014 data, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics ranked Yuma as having the highest unemployment rate in the United States at 23.8 percent, above the 21.6 percent in
El Centro, California. Yuma's agricultural workforce, which adjusts to the picking season, is cited by the Arizona Department of Commerce as the reason for the apparent high unemployment. ==Economy==